Abstract
Coastal karst is a dominant landform within the Caribbean that has played a significant role in shaping human migration and settlement patterns, modern economic development in the region and its evolving biodiversity. Recent exploration of coastal karst, associated models of littoral cave development and comparative coastal resource management strategies are examined in three distinct island settings in the Caribbean: The Republic of Haiti, Grenada and Isla de Mona (Puerto Rico). These regional island examples display distinct and complex coastal karst morphologies ranging from intensely karstic carbonate platforms to complex non-carbonate island cores overlain by extensive and thickly-bedded coastal and interior carbonate cover or predominantly volcanic landscapes with limited fringing carbonates. Previously unreported field research in these selected island settings support an emerging view of the complex karst development in the region and indicate that significant karst areas remain to be explored while illustrating the associated landform vulnerabilities, anthropogenic effects and range of coastal resource management and preservation initiatives applied to date.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen CD, Groom KM (2013) Evaluation of Grenada’s “Carib Stones” via the rock art stability index. Appl Geogr 42:165–175
Arculus RJ (1976) Geology and geochemistry of the Alkali Basalt – Andesite Association of Grenada and the Lesser Antilles Island Arc. Geol Soc Am Bull 87(4):612–624
Basso A, Bruno E, Parise M, Pepe M (2012) Morphometric analysis of sinkholes in a Karst coastal area. Geophysical research abstracts, vol 14. EGU General Assembly
Benz EJ (2010) A Paleoenvironmental reconstruction from the Island of Grenada, Caribbean environments through the time of human occupation. MA thesis, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, 94p
Boggus M, Crawfis R (2009) Procedural creation of 3D solutional cave model. Proceedings of the 20th IASTED International Conference on Modeling Simulation. Banff, Alberta, pp 180–186
Bullen RP (1965) An archaeological chronology for Grenada. Am Antiq 31(2):237–241
Bunnell DA, Kovarik JL (2013) Caves of the Western U.S. coast. In: Lace MJ, Mylroie JE (eds) Coastal karst landforms, vol 5, Coastal research library series. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 299–316
Cigna AA (1993) The environmental management of tourist caves: the examples of Grotta di Castellano and Grotte Granda del Vento, Italy. Environ Geol 21:173–180
Cody A (1990) Faces and figures on Grenada: their historical and cultural relations. In: Rock art papers, vol. 7, San Diego Museum of Man, San Diego
Cotilla MO, Cordoba D, Calzadilla M (2007) Morphotectonic study of Hispaniola. Geotectonics 41(5):368–391
Curl RL (1986) Fractal dimensions and geometries of caves. Mar Geol 18(8):765–783
Dávila O (2003) Arqueología de la Isla de la Mona. Editorial del Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña, San Juan
Day M (2007) Natural and anthropogenic hazards in the Karst of Jamaica. Geol Soc Lond Spec Publ 279:173–184
Day M (2010) Human interaction with Caribbean karst landscapes: past, present and future. Acta Carsologica 39(1):137–146
DeGraff AK, Baldwin K (2013) Participatory mapping of heritage sites in the Grenadines. CEMRES technical report no. 65. Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, Barbados
Dodge RE, Fairbanks RG, Benninger LK, Maurasse F (1983) Pleistocene sea levels from raised coral reefs of Haiti. Science 219(4591):1423–1425
Dowling RK (2011) Geotourism’s global growth. Glob Herit 3(1):1–13
EI (2012) Integrated baseline study: Port-a-Piment watershed, Sud Department, Haiti. Report compiled, in cooperation with the Cote Sud Initiative, by the Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, 26p
Ferer MV, Smith DH, Lace MJ (2013) Fracture networks from a deterministic physical model as “forerunners” of maze caves (Abstract). In: Proceedings of the AGU Fall meeting, San Francisco
Fitzpatrick SM, Keegan WF (2007) Human impacts and adaptations in the Caribbean islands: an historical ecology approach. Earth Environ Sci Trans Royal Soc Edinb 98:29–45
Florentin JM, Maurasse R (1982) Survey of the geology of Haiti: a guide to field excursions in Haiti. Miami Geological Society, Miami, 103p
Ford DC, Ewers RO (1978) The development of limestone cave systems in the dimensions of length and depth. Can J Earth Sci 15:783–1798
Hadden RL, Minson SG (2010) The geology of Haiti: an annotated bibliography of Haiti’s geology, geography and earth science. USACE Army Geospatial Center, Alexandria, VA, 254p
Helmar EH, Kennaway TA, Pedreros DH, Clark ML, Marcano-Vega H, Tieszen LL, Ruzycki TR, Schill SR, Sean Carrington CM (2008) Land cover and forest formations distribution on St. Kitt’s, Nevis, St Eustatius, Grenada and Barbados from decision tree classification of cloud-cleared satellite imagery. Caribb J Sci 44(2):175–198
Hobbs JJ (2004) Guidelines for the participation of local and indigenous peoples in Karst conservation and management. In: Batelaan O, Dusar M, Masschelein J, Thanh Tam Vu, Tran Tan Van, Nguyen Xuan Khien (eds) Proceedings of the interdisciplinary conference on development and conservation of Karst Regions, Hanoi, Vietnam. Trans-KARST 2004, pp 86–87
Jones WK, Hobbs HH, Wicks CW, Currie RR, Hose LD, Kerbo RC, Goodbar JR, Trout J (2003) Recommendations and guidelines for managing caves on protected lands. Prepared for the National Cave and Karst Research Institute, National Park Service. Karst Waters Institute Special Publication, no. 8, 81p
Kambesis PN, Lace MJ, Despain J, Goodbar J (2010) Assessment of Grotte Marie-Jeanne, Port-a-Piment, Republique D’Haiti. Final report submitted to the Haitian Ministry of Tourism. Available www.grottemariejeanne.com, 40 p
Kambesis PN, Oakes B, Lace MJ (2013) Challenges of cave management in a developing country: a case study of Grotte Marie-Jeanne, Departmente Sud, Haiti. Proceedings of the 20th National Cave and Karst Management symposium, Carlsbad, NM, pp 143–146
Kincaid TR (1999) Volumetric fractal dimension as a quantitative descriptor of saturated cave morphology. In: Palmer AN, Palmer MV, Sasowski ID (eds) Karst modeling. Karst Waters Institute, Charlottesville, p 186 (Abstract)
Kusumayudha SB, Zen MT, Notosiswoyo S, Gautama RS (2000) Fractal analysis of the Oyo River, cave systems, and topography of the Gunungsewu Karst area. Hydrogeol J 8(3):271–278
Labourdette R, Lascu I, Mylroie JE, Roth M (2007) Process-like modeling of flank margin caves: from genesis to burial evolution. J Sediment Res 77:965–979
Lace MJ (2008) Coastal cave development in Puerto Rico. J Coast Res 24(2):508–518
Lace MJ (2012) Anthropogenic use, modification and preservation of coastal caves in Puerto Rico. J Island Coast Archaeol 7:378–403
Lace MJ (2013) Coastal caves and karst of the Puerto Rican islands. In: Lace MJ, Mylroie JE (eds) Coastal karst landforms, vol 5, Coastal research library series. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 207–226
Lace MJ, Mylroie JE (2013) Coastal cave and karst resource management. In: Lace MJ, Mylroie JE (eds) Coastal karst landforms, vol 5, Coastal research library series. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 127–143
Lace MJ, Kambesis PN, Mylroie JE (2014) Sistema Faro: evolution of the world’s longest flank margin cave. In: Robledo PA, Duran JJ (eds) Large cave systems of the world. Boletin Geologico y Minero. Journal of Earth Sciences, Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana. (in press)
Laverty M (1987) Fractals in karst. Earth Surf Proc Land 12:475–480
Lutz SJ, Ginsberg RN (2007) The state of deep coral ecosystems of the United States Caribbean region: Puerto Rico and the U.S. virgin islands. In: Bumsden SE, Hourigan TF, Bruckner AW, Dorr G (eds) The state of the deep coral ecosystems of the United States. NOAA Technical Memorandum CRCP-3, Silver Springs
Mann P, Draper G, Lewis JF (1991) An overview of the geologic and tectonic development of Hispaniola. Geol Soc Am Spec Pap 262:1–28
Marquet SJ (2002) Les Pétroglyphes des Petites Antilles Méridionales. Contextes Physique et Culturel. Paris monographs in American archaeology. BAR international series 1051, Archaeopress, Oxford. 371p
Miloslavich P, Diaz JM, Klein E, Avarado JJ, Diaz C (2010) Marine biodiversity in the Caribbean: regional estimates and distribution patterns. PLoS ONE 5(8):e11916
Moore DG (1954) Origin and development of sea caves. Nat Speleol Soc Bull 16:71–76
Mylroie JE (2007) Cave surveys, cave size and Flank margin caves. Compass Tape 17(4):8–16
Mylroie JE (2013) Coastal karst development in carbonate rocks. In: Lace MJ, Mylroie JE (eds) Coastal karst landforms, vol 5, Coastal research library series. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 77–109
Mylroie JE, Mylroie JR (2007) Development of the carbonate island karst model. J Cave Karst Stud 69:59–75
Mylroie JE, Mylroie JR (2013) Flank margin caves in carbonate islands and the effects of sea levels. In: Schroder J, Frumkin A (eds) Treatise on geomorphology. Academic, San Diego, pp 351–362, 6
Owen A (2013) Tafoni development in the Bahamas. In: Lace MJ, Mylroie JE (eds) Coastal Karst landforms, Coastal Research Library Series, No. 5. Springer, Dordrecht
Palmer AN (1991) Origin and morphology of limestone caves. Geol Soc Am Bull 103:1–25
Palmer AN (2007) Cave geology. Cave Books, Dayton, 464p
Pardo-Iguzquiza E, Duran-Valsero A, Rodriguez-Galiano V (2011) Morphometric analysis of 3-dimensional networks of karst conduits. Geomorphology 132:17–28
Pavlovich K (2002) The evolution and transformation of a tourism destination network: Waitomo Caves, New Zealand. Tour Manage 24:203–216
Pederson SC, Genoways HH, Kwiecinski GG, Larsen PA, Larsen, RJ (2013) Biodiversity, biogeography and conservation of bats in the Lesser Antilles. In: Vernier J-L, Burac M (eds) Biodiversite Insulaire: La Flore, La Faune, et L’Homme dans les Petites Antilles. Schoelchers, Martinique. Direction de L’Environnement, de L’ Amenagament et du Logement de Martinique et Universite des Antilles et de la Guyane, Paris, France, pp 62–73, 330
Pikelj K, Juracic M (2013) Eastern Adriatic Coast (EAC): geomorphology and coastal vulnerability of a karstic coast. J Coast Res 29(4):944–957
Robledo P, Duran JJ, Gumiel P (2002) Fractal analysis applied to the study of the karst collapse paleostructures in the upper Miocene of the Eastern Coast of Mallorca, Spain. Geogaceta 31:27–29
Rodriguez Ramos R (2010) Rethinking Puerto Rican Precolonial history. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, 267p
Rouse I, Moore C (1985) Cultural sequence in Southwest Haiti. In: Proceedings of the 10th International congress for the study of pre-Columbian cultures of the Lesser Antilles. Fort de France, Martinique, pp 1–21
Schwimmer RA (2008) A temporal geometric analysis of eroding Marsh shorelines: can fractal dimensions be related to process? J Coast Res 241:152–158
Siegel PE, Righter E (eds) (2011) Protecting heritage in the Caribbean, vol 3, Caribbean Archaeology and Ethnohistory Series. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, 216p
Skoglund RO, Lauritzen S (2010) Morphology and speleogenesis of Okshola, Fauska, Northern Norway: an example of a multi-stage network cave in a Glacial landscape. Nor J Geol 90:123–139
Stafford KW, Mylroie JE, Jenson JW (2004) Karst geology of Aguijan and Tinian, CNMI: cave inventory and structural analysis of development. Technical report no. 106, Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific, University of Guam
Stanley S (ed) (1995) A global representative system for marine protected areas, Marine Region 2: The Wider Caribbean, vol 2. Great Barrier Reef Marine ark Authority, The World Bank, The World Conservation Union (IUCN), pp 15–42
Tanner BR, Perfect E, Kelley JT (2006) Fractal analysis of Maine’s Glaciated shoreline test established coastal classification schemes. J Coast Res 225:1300–1304
Ternan JL, Williams G, Francis C (1989) Land capability classification in Grenada, West Indies. Mt Res Dev 9(1)
Thomas A (2000) Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, National report on the implementation of the U.N. convention to combat desertification and/or drought. Forestry Dept. MALFF, Grenada
Timcak GM, Jablonska J, Jurkasova Z (2010) Destination calibration process for tourism management of defined regions. Acta Geoturistica 2:1–12
Toomey RS III (2009) Geological monitoring of caves and associated landscapes. In: Young R, Norby L (eds) Geological monitoring. Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp 27–46
Troester JW, Turvey MD (2004) Water-resources reconnaissance of Ile de la Gonave, Haiti. Hydrogeol J 12:224–236
UNEP (2012) Road map on building a green economy for sustainable development in Carriacou and Petit-Martinique, Grenada. Report prepared by the Division of Sustainable Development of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 131p
US Army Core of Engineers (1999) Water Resources Assessment of Haiti. 35p
Wampler PJ, Sisson AJ (2011) Spring flow, bacterial contamination, and water resources in Rural Haiti. Environ Earth Sci 62:1619–1628
Waterstrat WJ, Mylroie JE, Owen AM, Mylroie JR (2010) Coastal caves in Bahamian eolian calcarenites: differentiating between sea caves and flank margin caves using quantitative morphology. J Cave Karst Stud 72:61–74
Watson J (ed) (1997) Guidelines for cave and karst protection. IUCN, Cambridge
Willig MR, Presley SJ, Bloch CP, Genoways HH (2010) Macroecology of Caribbean bats: effects of area, elevation, latitude and hurricane-induced disturbance. In: Fleming TH, Racey PA (eds) Island bats: evolution, ecology and conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 216–264
Wilson SM (2007) Archaeology of the Caribbean. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 56
Woods CA, Harris L (1986) Stewardship plan for the National Parks of Haiti. Report prepared for USAID. 272p
Acknowledgments
The author wishes to thank Brian D. Oakes, Patricia N. Kambesis and expedition participants of the Isla de Mona Project for their assistance. This work was supported by the Coastal Cave Survey and in part by a grant from the International Exploration Section of the National Speleological Society in collaboration with the Haitian Speleological Survey (Recensement Spéléologique D’Haiti – RHS) with logistical support from the Puerto Rico Department of Natural Resources (Departamento Recursos Naturales y Ambientales – DRNA).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lace, M.J. (2015). Advances in the Exploration and Management of Coastal Karst in the Caribbean. In: Finkl, C., Makowski, C. (eds) Environmental Management and Governance. Coastal Research Library, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06305-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06305-8_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-06304-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-06305-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)