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Infectious Complications and Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease

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Management of Chronic Kidney Disease

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Abstract

Infections are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Alterations in immune system, need of invasive dialysis access procedures, frequent contact with healthcare services and poor response to vaccination increase risk of infections. Urinary tract infections, pneumonia and bacteremia or sepsis are common types of infections in patients with CKD. Infection-related hospitalisations have also been associated with future risk of adverse cardiovascular events and re-hospitalisation in CKD. The recent human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to significantly increased morbidity and mortality in patients with kidney disease. Acute kidney injury (AKI), hyponatremia, glomerular diseases and asymptomatic urinary abnormalities have been reported in patients with COVID-19. In certain regions like sub-Saharan Africa, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leading to kidney disease and management of HIV infection in patients with kidney disease are clinical challenges. Tuberculosis is common in patients with CKD and its diagnosis needs high index of suspicion. Drug dose modification is an important consideration while managing infections in patients with kidney disease. In addition to usual infection control practices, vaccinations against vaccine-preventable diseases are important. Though responses might be suboptimal, vaccinations do prevent or decrease the severity of infectious complications.

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Notes

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    Increase oxidative stress.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

    Vivek Kumar

  2. The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, New Delhi, India

    Vivekanand Jha

  3. School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK

    Vivekanand Jha

  4. University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Vivekanand Jha

  5. Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India

    Vivekanand Jha

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  1. Vivek Kumar
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  2. Vivekanand Jha
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye

    Mustafa Arıcı

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Kumar, V., Jha, V. (2023). Infectious Complications and Vaccination in Chronic Kidney Disease. In: Arıcı, M. (eds) Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42045-0_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42045-0_19

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-42044-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-42045-0

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