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Intracorporeal Lithotripsy Devices for PCNL

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Percutaneous Renal Surgery

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Abstract

“Intracorporeal lithotripsy” literally means “fragmentation of stones occurring within the body”. Intracorporeal lithotripsy devices for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) vary in terms of energy source, mechanism of action, probe features, comminution potential, stone retropulsion, side effects on surrounding tissues, versatility of use, and costs. The choice of the best intracorporeal lithotripter in terms of efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness can be tailored case by case on the features of the urolithiasis and of the collecting system containing the calculi. Referring to their mechanism of action and at the same time to their order of appearance in the clinical practice, intracorporeal lithotripters for PCNL can be classified into electrohydraulic, ultrasonic, ballistic, combination, and laser devices. More than ten years ago standard PCNL resorted to ballistic, ultrasonic, and combined ballistic/ultrasonic lithotripsy most of the times. Nowadays, considering the current trend towards miniaturization and flexible endoscopy, intracorporeal lithotripters with suction and thinner probes as well as different lasers are used more and more, while electrohydraulic technology has largely been discontinued. History, mechanism of action, technique of lithotripsy, pros and cons, and future developments of each intracorporeal lithotripter for PCNL are described.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Cottolengo Hospital, Turin, Italy

    Cesare Marco Scoffone & Cecilia Maria Cracco

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  1. Cesare Marco Scoffone
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  2. Cecilia Maria Cracco
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Correspondence to Cesare Marco Scoffone .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Western University, London, ON, Canada

    John D. Denstedt

  2. University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece

    Evangelos N. Liatsikos

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Scoffone, C.M., Cracco, C.M. (2023). Intracorporeal Lithotripsy Devices for PCNL. In: Denstedt, J.D., Liatsikos, E.N. (eds) Percutaneous Renal Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40542-6_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40542-6_24

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-40541-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-40542-6

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