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The Impact of Economic Globalization Welfare States

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Artificial Intelligence and Transforming Digital Marketing

Part of the book series: Studies in Systems, Decision and Control ((SSDC,volume 487))

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Abstract

The literature has yet to draw firm conclusions regarding the effect of economic globalization on government spending in developing countries in general and Pakistan in particular. This paper tries to overcome this gap on the literature and analyses the impact of globalization and democracy on the aggregate level of Pakistan's social spending from 1972 to 2018. The methods used include econometrics models. The results confirm that globalization is inversely related to social spending, while democracy positively affects social expenditures. Other results confirm that debt service and inflation rate harm social spending. In contrast, the more significant economic development and the increased unemployment rate have a positive and meaningful relationship with social expenditure in the long run. Public decision-makers should consider these conclusions to promote economic and social sustainability in Pakistan.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the UIDB/05105/2020 Program Contract, funded by national funds through the FCT I.P.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IJP—Instituto Jurídico Portucalense, REMIT—Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies, Universidade Portucalense Infante D. Henrique, Porto, Portugal

    Natacha de Jesus Silva

  2. Escola Superior De Comunicação Social—Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, ISCTE-IUL DINÂMIA´CET, Campus De Benfica Do IPL, Lisboa, Portugal

    Maria José Palma Lampreia Dos-Santos & Nuno Baptista

  3. NECE—UBI, Covilhã, Portugal

    Nuno Baptista

Authors
  1. Natacha de Jesus Silva
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  2. Maria José Palma Lampreia Dos-Santos
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  3. Nuno Baptista
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Correspondence to Natacha de Jesus Silva .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Business and Finance, Ahlia University, Manama, Bahrain

    Allam Hamdan

  2. Department of Management and Marketing, Ahlia University, Manama, Bahrain

    Esra Saleh Aldhaen

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de Jesus Silva, N., Dos-Santos, M.J.P.L., Baptista, N. (2024). The Impact of Economic Globalization Welfare States. In: Hamdan, A., Aldhaen, E.S. (eds) Artificial Intelligence and Transforming Digital Marketing. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 487. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35828-9_94

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35828-9_94

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-35828-9

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