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Movement Disorders: Diagnosis and Management

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Sleep Medicine

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Abstract

Sleep-related movement disorders affect children and adults with age-specific prevalence, presentation, risks factors, and treatment options. The most common sleep-related movement disorders include restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder, sleep-related rhythmic movement disorders, and bruxism. Restless legs syndrome is challenging to diagnose in children: the young ones may have difficulty expressing the “urge to move the legs,” and the disease may take years to fully develop, with sleep disturbance or affected daytime functioning being the only presenting symptom. Periodic limb movement disorder can present by itself or as a prodrome for restless legs syndrome. Sleep-related bruxism and sleep-related rhythmic disorders are seldom seen in adults but occasionally encountered when patients are transitioned from pediatric to adult care. Sleep-related movement disorders discussed in this chapter show peculiarities more predominant in adults or in children. Clinicians have to be aware of and understand these particular aspects. Pediatricians should be knowledgeable about all treatment options available when transitioning their patients to adult care. The newly proposed diagnosis of restless sleep disorder in children and some of the findings of restless sleep in the adult literature will be discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pomona Valley Medical Center Adult and Children Sleep Disorders Center, Claremont, CA, USA

    Denise Sharon

  2. University of Washington, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA

    Lourdes M. DelRosso

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  1. Denise Sharon
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  2. Lourdes M. DelRosso
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Correspondence to Denise Sharon .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Amir Sharafkhaneh

  2. University of Missouri School of Medicine, Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, Columbia, MO, USA

    David Gozal

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Sharon, D., DelRosso, L.M. (2023). Movement Disorders: Diagnosis and Management. In: Sharafkhaneh, A., Gozal, D. (eds) Sleep Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30010-3_11

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