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Links Between Glucose and Lipoproteins

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Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitus

Part of the book series: Contemporary Diabetes ((CDI))

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Abstract

While hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes mellitus, abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism and quantitative and qualitative changes in lipoproteins exist. The relationship between glycemia and lipoproteins is bidirectional. Hyperglycemia is associated with increased levels of Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL), a shift toward small dense Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), high levels of ApoB, and low levels of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and ApoA1. Glucose-induced qualitative changes in lipoproteins also exist, including increased non-enzymatic glycation, which adversely impacts lipoprotein metabolism and function. Associations between HDL and glycemia are most well-studied, with HDL impacting glycemia by effects on insulin secretion and insulin resistance and modulating type 2 diabetes onset and its natural history of glycemic progression. The treatment of lipoprotein levels also impacts glycemia, and the treatment of hyperglycemia impacts lipoproteins. Basic science and genetic studies provide insights. This chapter overviews the functions of lipoproteins, associations between lipoproteins and glycemia, and the treatment effects of lipid drugs on glucose, with an emphasis on human studies.

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  1. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Alicia J. Jenkins

  2. Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Alicia J. Jenkins

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  1. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Alicia J. Jenkins

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Peter P. Toth

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Jenkins, A.J. (2023). Links Between Glucose and Lipoproteins. In: Jenkins, A.J., Toth, P.P. (eds) Lipoproteins in Diabetes Mellitus. Contemporary Diabetes. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26681-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26681-2_3

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-26680-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-26681-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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