Zusammenfassung
Epigenetische Mechanismen spielen bei vielen biologischen Prozessen eine entscheidende Rolle, etwa bei der Regulierung der Genexpression insbesondere nach der Befruchtung und während der frühen Embryonalentwicklung. Die elterlichen Genome, die spezielle epigenetische Signaturen tragen, werden während der ersten embryonalen Teilungendurch epigenetische Modifikationen erheblich umgestaltet, von denen einige für die Erzeugung gesunder Embryonen entscheidend sind.
Daher ist es für Züchter und Embryologen sehr wichtig zu verstehen, wie das elterlich vererbte Genom durch die neuen Biotechnologien epigenetisch verändert werden kann, da dies die Qualität des Embryos und seine weitere Entwicklung beeinflussen könnte. In diesem Kapitel werden einige der grundlegenden epigenetischen Parameter vorgestellt, die der frühen Embryonalentwicklung zugrunde liegen, und es wird erläutert, wie sie bei der In-vitro-Erzeugung von Embryonen, dem somatischen Zellkerntransfer oder der Gewinnung von Stammzellen beeinflusst werden können.
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Beaujean, N. (2023). Epigenetische Merkmale und Nutztierbiotechnologien. In: Niemann, H., Wrenzycki, C. (eds) Biotechnologie bei Nutztieren 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26042-1_3
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