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Basic Principles of Solid-State X-Ray Radiation Detector Operation

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Handbook of II-VI Semiconductor-Based Sensors and Radiation Detectors

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Abstract

The basic principle of operation of an X-ray detector is described through the X-ray interactions with the photoconductor, the ionization energy, and signal formulation mechanisms in photoconductive radiation detectors. Typical X-ray radiation detector materials and structures are also described. The X-ray detectors are classified based on their applications. The spectroscopic detector operation is explained, and its energy resolution is discussed. Flat panel X-ray imagers (FPXIs) are described in detail due to their extensive use in imaging, especially, in medical X-ray imaging. The materials for direct conversion detectors (the absorbed X-ray photons directly create charge carriers in the photoconductor) and various image read-out devices (e.g., a-Si:H TFT and CMOS active-matrix technologies) are discussed. The imaging performance of FPXIs critically depends on the photoconductor material used in the X-ray detector. This chapter discusses the effects of charge carrier transport properties on the imaging performances such as X-ray sensitivity, resolution in terms of modulation transfer function, detective quantum efficiency, image lag, and ghosting. A brief introduction to the X-ray interaction position sensitive semiconductor detector structures and the effects of small pixels on charge collection and resolution are described in this chapter.

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  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    M. Zahangir Kabir

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  1. Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, Chisinau, MD-2009, Moldova

    Ghenadii Korotcenkov

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Kabir, M.Z. (2023). Basic Principles of Solid-State X-Ray Radiation Detector Operation. In: Korotcenkov, G. (eds) Handbook of II-VI Semiconductor-Based Sensors and Radiation Detectors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24000-3_1

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