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Malignant Glioma

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Human Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors: From Bench to Bedside. Volume 2

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1405))

Abstract

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of malignant gliomas, the most common primary brain tumor in adults. These tumors are varied in their cellular origin, genetic profile, and morphology under the microscope, but together they share some of the most dismal prognoses of all neoplasms in the body. Although there is currently no cure for malignant glioma, persistent efforts to improve outcomes in patients with these tumors have led to modest increases in survival, and researchers worldwide continue to strive toward a deeper understanding of the factors that influence glioma development and response to treatment. In addition to well-established epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and common histopathologic and radiologic features of malignant gliomas, this section considers recent advances in molecular biology that have led to a more nuanced understanding of the genetic changes that characterize the different types of malignant glioma, as well as their implications for treatment. Beyond the traditional classification of malignant gliomas based on histopathological features, this chapter incorporates the World Health Organization’s 2016 criteria for the classification of brain tumors, with special focus on disease-defining genetic alterations and newly established subcategories of malignant glioma that were previously unidentifiable based on microscopic examination alone. Traditional therapeutic modalities that form the cornerstone of treatment for malignant glioma, such as aggressive surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and the studies that support their efficacy are reviewed in detail. This provides a foundation for additional discussion of novel therapeutic methods such as immunotherapy and convection-enhanced delivery, as well as new techniques for enhancing extent of resection such as fluorescence-guided surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Linda M. Wang, Zachary K. Englander & Michael L. Miller

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Jeffrey N. Bruce

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  1. Linda M. Wang
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  2. Zachary K. Englander
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  3. Michael L. Miller
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  4. Jeffrey N. Bruce
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Correspondence to Jeffrey N. Bruce .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Nima Rezaei

  2. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sara Hanaei

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Wang, L.M., Englander, Z.K., Miller, M.L., Bruce, J.N. (2023). Malignant Glioma. In: Rezaei, N., Hanaei, S. (eds) Human Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors: From Bench to Bedside. Volume 2. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1405. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_1

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