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Fungal Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

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Abstract

Fungal infections are often considered in cases who get late diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia or who are resistant to antimicrobial treatment against bacterial pneumonia. The risk of fungal infections in the lower respiratory tract has increased in patients under immunosuppressive treatments due to different group of diseases such as immunocompromised malignancies, HIV, hematological diseases, organ transplantation, or autoimmune diseases. Especially with increasing opportunities in intensive care units, it has entered among the hospital- and intensive care-emergent infections in the patient group with diabetes, kidney failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Some fungal species colonize only in the airways, while others reveal true infections with a different course. It is very difficult to distinguish between these two situations. The fungi that cause the infection differ according to the selected population and geographical region. Endemic fungi are usually self-limiting in healthy individuals, but the disease is more common in men than women due to the protective effect of estrogen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Samsun Education and Research Hospital, Pulmonary Medicine Department of Pulmonology, Samsun, Turkey

    Nevra Güllü Arslan

  2. Medical Faculty, Department of Pulmonology, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey

    Füsun Öner Eyüboğlu

  3. Department of Epidemiology, Research Group: Infectious Disease, Porto, Portugal

    Raquel Duarte

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  1. Nevra Güllü Arslan
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  2. Füsun Öner Eyüboğlu
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  3. Raquel Duarte
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Correspondence to Nevra Güllü Arslan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Türkiye

    Cemal Cingi

  2. Department of Pulmonology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Türkiye

    Arzu Yorgancıoğlu

  3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Türkiye

    Nuray Bayar Muluk

  4. Federal University of Bahia School of Medicine and ProAR Foundation, Salvador - Bahia, Brazil

    Alvaro A. Cruz

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  1. Istanbulesthe Private Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey

    Seçkin Ulusoy

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Arslan, N.G., Eyüboğlu, F.Ö., Duarte, R. (2023). Fungal Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract. In: Cingi, C., Yorgancıoğlu, A., Bayar Muluk, N., Cruz, A.A. (eds) Airway diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22483-6_41-1

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