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Spatial–Temporal Change of a Dam Lake Using Remote Sensing and Meteorological Drought Indices

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Satellite Monitoring of Water Resources in the Middle East

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Abstract

The devastating effects of drought on nature and all living creatures, starting with a lack of precipitation, are constantly increasing. In this study, the effect of meteorological drought on a water body was investigated. The annual temporal change in the water area of Atikhisar Dam Lake in Çanakkale province, Turkey, and the only water source in the region, was monitored using multi-temporal satellite remote sensing between 1984 and 2020. The areal change of the lake was determined by the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) produced from multispectral Landsat satellite images. The spatial–temporal change of meteorological drought in the region is presented by the cumulative deviation curve. The changes in meteorological drought were examined by the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). All remote sensing and meteorological drought analysis were performed according to the 12-month water year calendar. The findings show that the lake area can be determined with approximately 83% accuracy via NDWI, and the cumulative deviation curve indicates that an extraordinary dry period may occur soon. On the other hand, according to SPI and SPEI data, it was determined that the dam lake area is not under the effect of meteorological drought alone. However, due to the lack of evaporation in the region, it was found that SPI was slightly more associated with the areal change of the lake. The ability to exhibit temporal change, view wide areas at one time and easily integrate data from different sources indicate that remote sensing data from satellites is a very efficient tool in drought analysis and water resources management.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank the USGS for the Landsat data, the Turkish State Hydraulic Works for the hydrological data, the Turkish State Meteorological Service for the meteorological data.

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  1. Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, School of Graduate Studies, Risk Management of Natural Disasters Program, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020, Çanakkale, Turkey

    Emre Özelkan

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  1. Emre Özelkan
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Correspondence to Emre Özelkan .

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  1. National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon

    Amin Shaban

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Özelkan, E. (2022). Spatial–Temporal Change of a Dam Lake Using Remote Sensing and Meteorological Drought Indices. In: Shaban, A. (eds) Satellite Monitoring of Water Resources in the Middle East. Springer Water. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15549-9_9

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