Skip to main content

Evaluation of Motion Sickness Prediction Models for Autonomous Driving

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks II (IAVSD 2021)

Abstract

The introduction of autonomous vehicles is expected to change the transportation system radically. One of the essential factors that affect the acceptance and choice of autonomous driving is passenger comfort. All people in the autonomous vehicle will be passengers and be able to perform non-driving tasks like reading etc. which increases the likelihood of motion sickness. This makes accurate estimation of motion sickness a necessity in the design stages of autonomous vehicles. The aim of this work is to review and apply two motion sickness prediction models (ISO-2631 and the 6D-SVC model) and evaluate their ability to capture individual motion sickness feelings using measured data and subjective assessment ratings from field tests. The comparison with the experimental results shows that the applied estimation models can be tuned to capture the individual motion sickness feelings. The results also show that habituation of motion sickness is an important property that needs to be taken into consideration and modelled.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 349.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 449.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kuiper, O.X.: Driven to the future: Carsickness in autonomous vehicles, PhD thesis, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Sivak, M., Schoettle, B.: Motion sickness in self-driving vehicles. Trans. Res. Inst., Univ. MI, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Technical report UMTRI2015-12 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Rolnick, A., Lubow, R.E.: Why is the driver rarely motion sick? The role of controllability in motion sickness. Ergonomics 34(7), 867–879 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Diels, C., Bos, J.E.: Self-driving carsickness. Appl. Ergon. 53, 374–382 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Iskander, J., Attia, M., Saleh, K., et al.: From car sickness to autonomous car sickness: a review. Transport. Res. F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 62, 716–726 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Yunus, I., Jerrelind, J., Drugge, L.: Autonomous driving and motion sickness – an outlook on causes, evaluation methods and solutions. Resource Efficient Vehicles Conference: rev2021, Stockholm, Sweden (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Golding, J.F.: Motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire revised and its relationship to other forms of sickness. Brain Res. Bull. 47(5), 507–516 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gianaros, P.J., Muth, E.R., Mordkoff, J.T., et al.: A questionnaire for the assessment of the multiple dimensions of motion sickness. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 72(2), 115–119 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bos, J.E., MacKinnon, S.N., Patterson, A.: Motion sickness symptoms in a ship motion simulator: effects of inside, outside, and no view. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 76(12), 1111–1118 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lewkowicz, R.: Modeling motion sickness. Polish J. Aviat. Med. Bioeng. Psychol. 22(3), 32–42 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  11. O’Hanlon, J.F., McCauley, M.E.: Motion sickness incidence as a function of the frequency and acceleration of vertical sinusoidal motion. Aerosp. Med. 45(4), 366–369 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  12. McCauley, M.E., et al.: Motion sickness incidence: exploratory studies of habituation, pitch and roll, and the refinement of a mathematical model. Human Factors Research Incorporated, Technical report, no. 1733-2 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Lawther, A., Griffin, M.J.: Prediction of the incidence of motion sickness from the magnitude, frequency, and duration of vertical oscillation. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 82(3), 957–966 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. ISO 2631-1: Vibration and shock–Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration, pp. 8–30 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Reason, J.T.: Motion sickness adaptation: a neural mismatch model. J. R. Soc. Med. 71(11), 819–829 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Oman, C.M.: A heuristic mathematical model for the dynamics of sensory conflict and motion sickness. Acta Otolaryngol. 94(sup392), 4–44 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Irmak, T., Pool, D.M., Happee, R.: Objective and subjective responses to motion sickness: the group and the individual. Exp. Brain Res. 239(2), 515–531 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Bos, J.E., Bles, W.: Modelling motion sickness and subjective vertical mismatch detailed for vertical motions. Brain Res. Bull. 47(5), 537–542 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Braccesi, C., Cianetti, F.: Motion sickness. Part I: development of a model for predicting motion sickness incidence. Int. J. Hum. Factors Modell. Simul. 2(3), 163–187 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Wada, T., Kamij, N., Doi, S.: A mathematical model of motion sickness in 6DOF motion and its application to vehicle passengers, preprint arXiv:1504.05261 (2015)

  21. Wada, T., et al.: A computational model of motion sickness considering visual and vestibular information. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), pp. 1758–1763 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Braccesi, C., Cianetti, F., Elia, A.: Motion sickness. Part II: experimental verification on the railways of a model for predicting motion sickness incidence. Int. J. Hum. Factors Modell. Simul. 2(3), 188–203 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Kamiji, N., et al.: Modeling and validation of carsickness mechanism. In: SICE Annual Conference 2007, pp. 1138–1143 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Donohew, B.E., Griffin, M.J.: Motion sickness: effect of the frequency of lateral oscillation. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 75(8), 649–656 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Griffin, M.J., Mills, K.L.: Effect of frequency and direction of horizontal oscillation on motion sickness. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 73(6), 537–543 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kufver, B., Förstberg, J.: A net dose model for development of nausea. Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linköping, VTI särtryck 330 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Maculewicz, J., Larsson, P., Fagerlönn, J.: Intuitive and subtle motion-anticipatory auditory cues reduce motion sickness in self-driving cars. Int. J. Hum. Factors Ergon. 8(4), 370–392 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, funded by the Swedish Innovation Agency Vinnova (Grant Number 2016-05195), and Volvo Cars for financial support. A special thanks also to Britta Berg and Willy Tunbratt at Volvo Cars.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ilhan Yunus .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Yunus, I., Jerrelind, J., Drugge, L. (2022). Evaluation of Motion Sickness Prediction Models for Autonomous Driving. In: Orlova, A., Cole, D. (eds) Advances in Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks II. IAVSD 2021. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07305-2_81

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07305-2_81

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-07304-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-07305-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics