Abstract
The aim of this book is to understand cellular handling of transition metals and metalloids. These may occur in oxidation states from (I), as in case of the monovalent cation Cu(I), via (II), (III), and so on to (VI) as in case of Cr(VI), Mo(VI), and W(VI) and even beyond this oxidation state. Metals with a high oxidation state usually form oxyanions such as chromate, arsenate, or molybdate. Sometimes, the oxy-anionic and the cationic form are both important to the cell, for instance arsenite and the As(III) cation. Transition metal oxyanions as minor bioelements are rare but may serve as electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration events or could be substrate and electron donor for chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms. Compared to the oxy-anionic minor bioelements Mo, W, and V, the mono- to trivalent transition metal cations of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn are of much higher importance for living cells. They occur in higher number of atoms per cell, in more metal-dependent proteins and biochemical reactions. This chapter concerns the chemical constraints for correct allocation of transition metal cations to the respective metal-dependent enzyme. These are the basis for a deep understanding of multiple transition metal homeostasis – from the number of electrons in the 3d shell all the way to molecular clockwork of the cellular metal allocation, discrimination, and distribution network in crowded bacterial cells.
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Nies, D.H. (2022). Chemical Constraints for Transition Metal Cation Allocation. In: Hurst, C.J. (eds) Microbial Metabolism of Metals and Metalloids. Advances in Environmental Microbiology, vol 10. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97185-4_2
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