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Cervical Spine Fractures and Dislocations, Classification and Treatment

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Cervical Spine

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Abstract

The introduction in the common practice of classification systems and the advent of new surgical technologies, greatly improved the outcome of patients affected by sub axial cervical spine injury although the standardization and uniformity in approaching the traumatized patient is still lacking. The ideal classification should be accurate in establishing the severity of the lesion, useful to guide the indication for treatment, but reliable and reproducible yet. Among the different classifications Allen and Ferguson, SLIC and AO are the most used worldwide. Allen and Ferguson is based on the presumed mechanism of injury, and, Although very old and based on x-ray only, it is surprisingly largely used still to date. AO is a morphological classification whose main objective is to provide users with a reliable and valid system that is highly reproducible in estimating the severity of the lesion. SLIC was the first to introduce a scoring system with the intent to guide the decision-making process. Due to the lack of guidelines, widely shared in the scientific community, the treatment of sub axial cervical spine injuries is based much more on individual surgeon experience and preference rather than on objective and reproducible treatment algorithms. What emerges from both the analysis of the literature and our experience is that there is not only valid surgery in all situations. Given the complexity of the injuries, individual cases must be well evaluated for the best solution.

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  1. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Ciro Tamburrelli, Andrea Perna, Maria Ilaria Borruto, Maurizio Genitiempo & Luca Proietti

  2. Division of Spinal Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, IRCSS Policlinico A. Gemelli Rome, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Ciro Tamburrelli, Maria Concetta Meluzio, Andrea Perna, Maria Ilaria Borruto & Luca Proietti

  3. Department of Aging, Neurological, Orthopedic and Head-Neck Sciences, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy

    Maria Concetta Meluzio

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  1. Francesco Ciro Tamburrelli
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    Pier Paolo Maria Menchetti

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Tamburrelli, F.C., Meluzio, M.C., Perna, A., Borruto, M.I., Genitiempo, M., Proietti, L. (2022). Cervical Spine Fractures and Dislocations, Classification and Treatment. In: Menchetti, P.P.M. (eds) Cervical Spine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94829-0_11

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