Abstract
Habitat loss and fragmentation are considered primary causes of biodiversity loss worldwide, with predicted increasing impacts in terrestrial ecosystems. Species richness of New World marsupials are usually studied as part of small mammal assemblages, including rodents, showing the same overall negative effects of habitat loss in multi-taxa analyses. The effects of fragmentation per se are generally weaker, but controversial. Actually, the process of habitat loss and fragmentation have a variety of other effects on landscapes, creating thresholds of species loss, changing habitat quality in forest fragments by edge effects, creating matrices of varied resistances to species movements, which interacts with disturbances such as fire and logging. These combined sources of disturbances should affect population dynamics and persistence, demography, habitat selection, diet, and fitness of individuals in fragmented landscapes. In this chapter the current understanding of these effects is reviewed considering responses that are common to small mammals as a group, and responses that are potentially particular to New World marsupials, indicating directions for future studies.
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Acknowledgments
Marcus V. Vieira is supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq (grants 426.925/2018-1, 312465/2019-0) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – FAPERJ (E-203.045/2017). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001; Ana C. Delciellos has a postdoctoral scholarship from CAPES (PNPD-PPGEE/UERJ, project number 1631/2018). Camila S. Barros (PNPD-PPGE/UFRJ) has postdoctoral scholarship from CAPES- Finance Code 001.
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Vieira, M.V., Barros, C.S., Delciellos, A.C. (2022). Impact of Habitat Loss and Fragmentation in Assemblages, Populations, and Individuals of American marsupials. In: Cáceres, N.C., Dickman, C.R. (eds) American and Australasian Marsupials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88800-8_26-1
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