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Apoptosis in Ischemic Heart Disease

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Biochemistry of Apoptosis and Autophagy

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 18))

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Abstract

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) due to reduced coronary blood flow over a prolonged period as well as reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium are associated with irreversible cellular damage and contractile failure. Although several major mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+-overload have been identified to induce cardiac injury in IHD, the occurrence of cardiomyocyte cell death due to apoptosis has been considered to play a critical role in the development of heart dysfunction. The activation of several apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins belonging to both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis has been demonstrated in IHD. Some major proteins of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway include Fas/Fas ligand, TNF-α, TRAIL as well as Caspase-8 and Caspase-10. On the other hand, mediator proteins of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway are: Bcl-2, Bax, Cytochrome C and Caspase-9. Both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways converge on the terminal apoptotic pathway in which different proteins such as Caspase-3, Caspase-6 and Caspase-7 are activated leading to the degradation of cellular constituents in the ischemic myocardium. Although several agents targeting different apoptotic proteins have been shown to exert cardioprotective effects in experimental studies, the results in various clinical trials in IHD have not been encouraging.

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Acknowledgements

M.B. is supported by grant from the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences VEGA no. 2/0104/20. The infrastructure support for this project was provided by the St. Boniface Hospital Research Foundation, Winnipeg, Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Monika Bartekova

  2. Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, USA

    Anureet K. Shah

  3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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  1. Monika Bartekova
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  2. Anureet K. Shah
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  3. Naranjan S. Dhalla
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Correspondence to Monika Bartekova .

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  1. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum

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Bartekova, M., Shah, A.K., Dhalla, N.S. (2022). Apoptosis in Ischemic Heart Disease. In: Kirshenbaum, L.A. (eds) Biochemistry of Apoptosis and Autophagy. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78799-8_3

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