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Antioxidant Activity of Opuntia spp.: A Review

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Opuntia spp.: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Industrial Applications

Abstract

Opuntia spp. are well-known for their agronomical, nutritional, and medicinal values owing to their richness in bioactive phytochemicals and their derived products. Opuntia spp. is a good source of dietary antioxidants having a key role in preventing and treating various human chronic and degenerative diseases. The different parts of Opuntia spp., namely cladodes, fruits, peels, pulp, and seeds, exhibit beneficial properties, mainly resulting from their high contents in antioxidants as phenolics, vitamins, sterols, carotenoids, and betalains. To better understand the mechanism underlying the antioxidant activity of Opuntia spp., the present work highlighted the antioxidant activity of the phytochemicals in Opuntia spp. and summarized the method used to evaluate the antioxidant mechanism of action. Some suggestions for future studies were also presented.

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Abbreviations

1O2:

Singlet oxygen

ABTS:

2,20-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfpnic acid)

AChE:

Acetylcholinesterase

BChE:

Butyrylcholinesterase

CAT:

Catalase

CO32−:

Carbonate

COX:

Cyclooxygenase

Cu2+:

Copper ion

CUPRAC:

Cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity

DPPH•:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

Fe2+:

Ferrous ion

FRAP:

Ferric reducing-antioxidant power

GGT:

γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase activity

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

GSHPx:

Glutathione peroxidase

GSt:

Glutathione-S-transferase

H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide

HOCl:

Hypochlorous acid

IL-10:

Interleukin-10

IL-1β:

Interleukin-1beta

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

LOX:

Lipoxygenase

LPO:

Lipid peroxidation

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharides

MPO:

Myeloperoxidase

NAD:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADP:

Dinucleotide phosphate

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

NO:

Nitric oxide

NOS:

Nitric oxide synthase

NOX:

Nitrogen oxidase

Nrf-2:

Nuclear factor erythroid 2

O2−:

Superoxide anion

O3:

Trioxygen

OH:

Hydroxyl radical

ONOO−:

Peroxynitrite

ORAC:

Oxygen radical absorbance capacity

PCL:

Photochemiluminescence

pH:

Power of hydrogen

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROO:

Peroxyl radical

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TEAC:

Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor-beta

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

TRAP:

Total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter

UVA:

Ultraviolet A

XO:

Xanthine oxidase

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  1. Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnologic Center Borj-Cedria Technopark, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

    Wissem Aidi Wannes & Moufida Saidani Tounsi

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  1. Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan

  2. Food Technology Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

    Tamer E. Moussa Ayoub

  3. Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Sascha Rohn

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Wannes, W.A., Tounsi, M.S. (2021). Antioxidant Activity of Opuntia spp.: A Review. In: Ramadan, M.F., Ayoub, T.E.M., Rohn, S. (eds) Opuntia spp.: Chemistry, Bioactivity and Industrial Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78444-7_17

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