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Nerve Tumors of Childhood and Infancy

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Diagnostic Assessment and Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Tumors

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Abstract

Peripheral nerves are vulnerable to a wide array of inflammatory, infiltrative, hyperplastic, degenerative, and neoplastic processes, the treatment of which depends on accurate clinical and histopathologic assessment. As they are rarely encountered in the pediatric population, peripheral nerve tumors (PNTs) often prove a diagnostic challenge in this cohort. Although many of the tumors seen in the adult population can also present in childhood, their relative contribution to morbidity is divergent between the two cohorts. In fact, lesions that dominate in adults are supplanted by lesser known but highly aggressive pathologies in children. Familiarity with the clinical presentation, diagnostic adjuncts, and therapeutic indications of pediatric PNTs is a requirement for achieving clinical success. It is the goal of this review to summarize the key features of the most commonly encountered pediatric PNTs, highlighting the key considerations in their management and recommended surgical techniques. Lesions will be presented in the context of three broad categories: benign, malignant, and reactive or hyperplastic lesions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Svetlana Kvint, Zarina S. Ali & Eric L. Zager

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Line G. Jacques

  3. Division of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Gregory Heuer

Authors
  1. Svetlana Kvint
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  2. Zarina S. Ali
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  3. Line G. Jacques
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  4. Gregory Heuer
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  5. Eric L. Zager
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eric L. Zager .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. WFNS Peripheral Nerve Surgery Committee Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital (HUGG) School of Medicine Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fernando Guedes

  2. WFNS Peripheral Nerve Surgery Committee Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Eric L. Zager

  3. WFNS Peripheral Nerve Surgery Committee Department of Neurosurgery, Mediclinic Parkview Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

    Debora Garozzo

  4. WFNS Peripheral Nerve Surgery Committee, Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade, Clinic for Neurosurgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Department of Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Functional Neurosurgery and Pain Management Surgery, Belgrade, Serbia

    Lukas Rasulic

  5. WFNS Peripheral Nerve Surgery Committee Peripheral Nerve & Brachial Plexus Surgery Program Department of Neurosurgery, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Mariano Socolovsky

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Kvint, S., Ali, Z.S., Jacques, L.G., Heuer, G., Zager, E.L. (2021). Nerve Tumors of Childhood and Infancy. In: Guedes, F., Zager, E.L., Garozzo, D., Rasulic, L., Socolovsky, M. (eds) Diagnostic Assessment and Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Tumors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77633-6_23

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