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Groundwater Quality for Irrigation as an Aspect of Sustainable Development Approaches: A Case Study of Semi-Arid Area Around Ismailia Canal, Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt

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Groundwater in Egypt’s Deserts

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Abstract

Irrigation water is a basic factor in maintaining productivity and conserving agricultural lands, in addition, irrigation is the most important water-consuming sector. Approximately, forty percent of the world’s food is produced by irrigation that highly depends on the resources of groundwater. Seventy-six groundwater samples were collected from the Quaternary aquifer, Eastern Nile Delta region, Egypt. Irrigation water quality parameters: pH, TDS, EC, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium to Calcium Activity Ratio (SCAR), Adjusted-SAR (adj. RNa), Adjusted Sodium to Calcium Activity Ratio (adj. SCAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Kelley’s Ratio (KR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC), Corrosively Ratio Index (CRI), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Permeability Index (PI), Potential Salinity (PS), Heavy metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) were determined to assess the groundwater quality of the Quaternary aquifer in the study area for irrigation purpose. Generally, the groundwater in the study area has a moderate quality for irrigation purposes, and as indicated by the obtained results of the determined evaluation parameters, management changes and practices should be considered for maintaining the soil properties and crop productivity.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Comprehensive Composite/Tanta University Building—Central Delta, 31527, Tanta, Egypt

    Zenhom El-Said Salem & Mohamed Sobhy Fathy

  2. Central Laboratory for Elemental and Isotopic Analysis (CLEIA), Nuclear Research Center (NRC), Atomic Energy Authority—Inshas, P.O. Box 13759, Abu Zabal, Egypt

    Abdel-Fattah Ibrahim Helal & Abdullah Muhammad Attiah

  3. Nuclear Materials Authority, El Maadi, P.O. Box 530, 11381, Cairo, Egypt

    Sofia Yahia Afifi

Authors
  1. Zenhom El-Said Salem
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  2. Mohamed Sobhy Fathy
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  3. Abdel-Fattah Ibrahim Helal
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  4. Sofia Yahia Afifi
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  5. Abdullah Muhammad Attiah
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Water and Water Structures Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Abdelazim Negm

  2. Plant Ecology and Range Management Department, Desert Research Center, Egypt, Cairo, Egypt

    Ahmed Elkhouly

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Salem, Z.ES., Fathy, M.S., Helal, AF.I., Afifi, S.Y., Attiah, A.M. (2021). Groundwater Quality for Irrigation as an Aspect of Sustainable Development Approaches: A Case Study of Semi-Arid Area Around Ismailia Canal, Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt. In: Negm, A., Elkhouly, A. (eds) Groundwater in Egypt’s Deserts. Springer Water. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77622-0_12

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