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Endocrinology

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Geriatrics for Specialists

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Abstract

Endocrine issues in the older adult constitute a major aspect for training and clinical care, due to the adjustments to approaches and therapeutics that must be implemented in this age group. Type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, and osteoporosis are common in the geriatric population. The endocrinologist and other practitioners will face challenges in the management of patients with new or long-standing disorders.

For several years, updates in multiple guidelines incorporate concepts of age-adjusted targets and approaches, watchful waiting, care coordination, and they also bring into consideration social support or lack thereof. The current pandemic further exacerbated the need to understand the social support for older patients, as they may face greater challenges due to the isolation, and the need to use technology to communicate with providers.

Notwithstanding, and separate to the pandemic and potentially associated functional decline due to the consequent sedentarism, older adults with endocrine issues will also experience physical and cognitive decline, and geriatric syndromes of depression, polypharmacy, falls and frailty, urinary incontinence, and the risk for institutionalization and loss of independence. This chapter focuses on the most prevalent endocrine conditions among older adults and brings relevant geriatric principles in the context of available literature and recommendations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC, USA

    Willy Marcos Valencia & Hermes Florez

  2. Institute for Healthy Aging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Willy Marcos Valencia & Hermes Florez

  3. Department of Public Health Sciences, MUSC, Charleston, SC, USA

    Hermes Florez

  4. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (RHJ VAMC), Miami, FL, USA

    Hermes Florez

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  1. Willy Marcos Valencia
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Correspondence to Willy Marcos Valencia .

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  1. Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Andrew G. Lee

  2. Home Instead Center for Successful Aging, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

    Jane F. Potter

  3. San Francisco VA Health Care System, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    G. Michael Harper

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Valencia, W.M., Florez, H. (2021). Endocrinology. In: Lee, A.G., Potter, J.F., Harper, G.M. (eds) Geriatrics for Specialists. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76271-1_20

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