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Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction

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Electrodiagnostic Medicine

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Abstract

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) may be considered simply a connection between the nerve and muscle fiber. However, it is a specialized synapse which includes complex structures such as the presynaptic nerve terminal, synaptic cleft and a postsynaptic muscle fiber endplate. With the aid of these structures, the NMJ serves as a site for conversion of nerve impulse into an action potential which is required for contraction of skeletal muscle. The NMJ is particularly vulnerable to damage from auto-antibodies (due to lack of blood-nerve barrier) and certain toxins [1]. Genetic disorders that can specifically impair the neuromuscular transmission can result in fatigable weakness which serves as a hallmark feature for NMJ disorders. In this chapter, we will be focusing on the most common disorders of neuromuscular junction transmission such as Myasthenia Gravis (including Congenital Myasthenia Gravis), and Lambert-Eaton Syndrome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Neurology Clinics, ALS and MDA Clinic, EMG/Neurophysiology Lab, Clinical Outcomes for Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Raghav Govindarajan & Elanagan Nagarajan

  2. Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Raghav Govindarajan & Elanagan Nagarajan

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  1. Raghav Govindarajan
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  2. Elanagan Nagarajan
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Correspondence to Raghav Govindarajan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Braathen Neurological Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA

    Nestor Galvez-Jimenez

  2. Braathen Neurological Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA

    Alexandra Soriano

  3. Neuromuscular Center Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    John A. Morren

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Govindarajan, R., Nagarajan, E. (2021). Disorders of the Neuromuscular Junction. In: Galvez-Jimenez, N., Soriano, A., Morren, J.A. (eds) Electrodiagnostic Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74997-2_10

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