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Development of Various Strategies for the Removal of Phenol Pollutant

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Organic Pollutants

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Abstract

Phenol is hydroxybenzene, an organic aromatic compound consisting of the attached hydroxyl group to aromatic hydrocarbon group. Phenol is hazardous to environment that is added mainly through wastes waters of textile, pharmaceuticals industries, and automobile waste. Phenolic compounds in the aquatic system harm flora and fauna of water bodies and they also interfere with biotransformation. Various forms of phenolic compounds influence the ozone layer, cause acid rain, and disturb the atmospheric temperature balance. Phenol is difficult to degrade, and hence, it is retained in air, soil, and water for a long period. Thus, for protection of the ecosystem and human health, it necessary to adapt effective strategies to eliminate the phenolic pollutant. This chapter depicts various physicochemical methods analyzed for degradation of phenol that include partial electrocatalytic degradation, photo-Fenton processes, electro-polymerization, and advanced nano systems. This chapter focuses on the relevant eco-friendly techniques such as adsorption, immobilization, and fuel cell technology using microorganisms employed for phenol removal and various physical, chemical, and biological factors evaluated by optimization studies designed using statistical tools for enhancing phenol degradation.

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  1. Department of Microbiology, The Standard Fireworks Rajaratnam College for Women, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Radha Thirumalaiarasu & G. K. Mahalakshmi

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  1. S. Radha Thirumalaiarasu
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  1. Water and Soil Processing Lab Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Vasanthy

  2. Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa’s College (Affiliated to University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    V. Sivasankar

  3. Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa’s College (Affiliated to University of Madras), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    T. G. Sunitha

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Radha Thirumalaiarasu, S., Mahalakshmi, G.K. (2022). Development of Various Strategies for the Removal of Phenol Pollutant. In: Vasanthy, M., Sivasankar, V., Sunitha, T.G. (eds) Organic Pollutants. Emerging Contaminants and Associated Treatment Technologies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72441-2_7

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