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Biopolymers/Ceramic-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Drug Delivery in Bone Tissue Engineering

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Polymeric and Natural Composites

Part of the book series: Advances in Material Research and Technology ((AMRT))

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Abstract

Joint repair and reconstructive bone surgeries are growing worldwide. Self-healing of bone is constrained, which entails external stimuli to bolster bone repair and rejuvenation. While conventional approaches (autografts, allografts, or xenografts) have been increasingly utilized to repair bone defects, they all have corresponding drawbacks, thus minimizing their clinical applications. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a fascinating approach encompassing bone biology and engineering concepts to combat the flaws associated with grafting, as mentioned above. A variety of biomaterials such as biopolymers (natural and synthetic) and ceramics as scaffolds has been exploited to fabricate the ideal bone constructs using conventional and advanced techniques. Scaffolds loaded with appropriate drugs, including growth factors, bone remodeling molecules, phytochemicals, and other regulatory molecules for sustained and site-targeted delivery, can promote functional bone tissues. Hence, this chapter presents a distinct variety of biopolymer-ceramic-based nanocomposite scaffolds for drug delivery in BTE.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three dimensional

Alg:

Alginate

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

BG:

Bioactive glass/bioglass

BMP:

Bone morphogenetic protein

BMSCs:

Bone marrow stromal cells

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

BTE:

Bone tissue engineering

CaP:

Calcium phosphate

CIP:

Ciprofloxacin

Col:

Collagen

CS:

Chitosan

DEX:

Dexamethasone

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

FGF:

Fibroblast growth factor

GDL:

Glucono-d-lactone

Gel:

Gelatin

GO:

Graphene oxide

HA:

Hyaluronic acid

HAp:

Hydroxyapatite

HGF:

Hepatocyte growth factor

HME:

Hereditary multiple exostoses

HPCS:

Hydroxypropyl chitosan

IGF:

Insulin growth factor

MRSA:

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

nHAp:

Nano-hydroxyapatite

NP:

Nanoparticle

OCN:

Osteocalcin

OPN:

Osteopontin

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

PDGF:

Platelet derived growth factor

PEUR:

Poly(ester urethane)

PHBV:

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

PLA:

Polylactic acid

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PLLA:

Poly-L-Lactic Acid

PTH:

Parathyroid hormone

PTMC:

Poly(trimethylene carbonate)

PVP:

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone

rBMP2:

Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2

SBF:

Simulated body fluid

SDF:

Stromal cell-derived Factor

SF:

Silk fibroin

TCP:

Tricalcium phosphate

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor-β

TiO2:

Titanium oxide

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a fellowship awarded to K.L. (DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180184).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India

    K. Lavanya, S. Swetha & N. Selvamurugan

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  1. K. Lavanya
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  2. S. Swetha
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  3. N. Selvamurugan
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Correspondence to N. Selvamurugan .

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  1. Department of Pharmacy, Palamau Institute of Pharmacy, Daltonganj, Jharkhand, India

    Md Saquib Hasnain

  2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Seemanta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India

    Amit Kumar Nayak

  3. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Saad Alkahtani

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Lavanya, K., Swetha, S., Selvamurugan, N. (2022). Biopolymers/Ceramic-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Drug Delivery in Bone Tissue Engineering. In: Hasnain, M.S., Nayak, A.K., Alkahtani, S. (eds) Polymeric and Natural Composites. Advances in Material Research and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70266-3_11

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