Abstract
There are five types of aquatic mammals in the Amazon river basin. Two are semi-aquatic: the giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) and the Neotropical otter (Lontra longicaudis); and three are fully aquatic: the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis), the tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis) and the boto (Inia spp.). This chapter reviews literature published over the past two decades on the genetic diversity and population genetics of these five groups. The results indicate a huge increase in the amount of published studies regarding these animals, but significant gaps in data from different localities impairs proper evaluation of how their populations are structured. This is a problem for scientists to correctly assess conservation and taxonomic statuses, as well as elaborate management plans for the conservation of these species. This information is critical, particularly since four species in this group are classified in a threaten category by the IUCN, and the other is categorized as near threatened. The following text will present an overview of what has been accomplished in the field of genetics over the past couple of decades and will discuss what are some of the problems and possible solutions to improve data in this field in future studies.
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Gravena, W., da Silva Nunes, M., da Silva de Souza, I. (2021). Aquatic Mammals of the Amazon: A Review of Gene Diversity, Population Structure and Phylogeography Applied to Conservation. In: Nardelli, M., Túnez, J.I. (eds) Molecular Ecology and Conservation Genetics of Neotropical Mammals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65606-5_9
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