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Dioctophimosis: A Parasitic Zoonosis of Public Health Importance

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Translational Urinomics

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((PMISB,volume 1306))

Abstract

Dioctophyme renale, the giant kidney worm, is a renal nematode from domestic and wild mammals that has zoonotic potential. In humans, dioctophimosis has been reported in several countries, mainly on the Asian continent, totaling more than 40 cases, which describe the parasite mainly infecting the kidneys, bladder, urethra and skin. Infection in animals and humans is related to the ingestion of the infective larva (L3) present in the aquatic oligochaete annelid (mandatory intermediate host) or fish and anurans (facultative paratenic hosts). Thus, the infection is related to the habit of drinking water contaminated with the mandatory intermediate host, as well as raw or undercooked meat from the facultative paratenic hosts. Dioctophimosis destroys the renal parenchyma and, in some cases, can cause the death of its hosts. In this chapter, we discuss the main topics regarding dioctophimosis in humans, domestic and wild animals, highlighting its importance in public health.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. Therefore, we thank CAPES for financial support. We also thank the Program of Veterinary Medicine (PPGV) and the Program of Microbiology and Parasitology (PPGMPar) at the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), as well as the Project Dioctophyme renale in Dogs and Cats (PRODIC) and Dr. Ana Paula Neuschrank Albano for the availability of the images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Group of Research, Teaching and Extension in Natural Products in the Veterinary Medical Clinic (FITOPEET), Department of Veterinary Clinics, Veterinary College, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

    Soliane Carra Perera & Marlete Brum Cleff

  2. Wild Animal Parasitology Laboratory (LAPASIL), Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

    Carolina Silveira Mascarenhas & Gertrud Müller

  3. Project Dioctophyme renale in Dogs and Cats (PRODIC), Department of Veterinary Clinics, Veterinary College, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

    Josaine Cristina da Silva Rappeti

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  1. Soliane Carra Perera
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  3. Marlete Brum Cleff
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  4. Gertrud Müller
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  1. LAQV-REQUIMTE - Department of Chemistry NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal

    Hugo Miguel Baptista Carreira dos Santos

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Carra Perera, S., Silveira Mascarenhas, C., Brum Cleff, M., Müller, G., da Silva Rappeti, J.C. (2021). Dioctophimosis: A Parasitic Zoonosis of Public Health Importance. In: Baptista Carreira dos Santos, H.M. (eds) Translational Urinomics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1306. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63908-2_10

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