Abstract
Emission of ultrafine particles due to combustion, gas-to-particle conversion and vapour phase nucleation has been receiving increased attention in recent years because of their potential contribution to air pollution, climate change and health effects. Industrial emissions, biomass burning, material synthesis and engineered nanoparticles are some of the human activities responsible for these emissions. In general, mass and number-based metrics are used to characterize these sources in indoor as well as outdoor environments. Methodology to assess mass-based metrics is well established. However, the accuracy in estimation of number-based metrics such as concentration, emission rate, etc. is compromised due to limitations of near source monitoring techniques and dominance of coagulation process, which leads to rapid reduction of number concentration in spatial domain. It must be noted that number concentration is increasingly perceived to be an important factor for quantifying climatic and health effects. Also, aerosol dynamic equations used for modelling purposes generally require the data on number concentration. There is thus a fundamental need of models to estimate number-based metrics in order to assess their effects. In this chapter, a few aerosol modelling studies are presented that covers a spectrum of problems from contained indoor conditions to open environment. These studies highlight the tools and theory behind them which can be used to simplify the problem at hand to get a reasonable knowledge about evolution of the system dynamics and assess the effects of ultrafine particles.
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Acknowledgments
The authors (SA and JK) would like to acknowledge Shri Kapil Deo Singh and Dr M S Kulkarni, Health Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre for their support and encouragement.
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Anand, S., Krishan, J., Mayya, Y.S. (2021). Dynamics of Ultrafine Particles in Indoor and Outdoor Environments: A Modelling Approach to Study the Evolution of Particle Characteristics. In: Shit, P.K., Adhikary, P.P., Sengupta, D. (eds) Spatial Modeling and Assessment of Environmental Contaminants. Environmental Challenges and Solutions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63422-3_23
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