Abstract
The World Health Organization believes that there were about 480,000 cases of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in 2014 only. In addition, extensively drug resistant tuberculosis was identified in 105 countries during the same year. The methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a widespread cause of severe infections in health facilities and the community worldwide. In this book chapter, we discuss all important strategies for the prevention and containment of antimicrobial resistance, which is a growing problem for healthcare systems around the world. Here we discuss the risk factors and mechanisms of development and ways of spreading of antimicrobial resistance. We focus our attention on various strategies for the prevention of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance via the reduction of selective pressure on the pathogenic bacteria.
The risk factors for the development of antibacterial drug resistance are well understood and they have to be mitigated worldwide. The chapter also presents different strategies for containment of widespread infection with antibacterial drug resistant bacteria, including internationally recognized guidelines of antibiotic stewardship. The presented broad scientific area of prevention of antimicrobial resistance would be of interest to both researchers and physicians working or interested in these fields. In addition, we discuss some novel approaches that can be employed to develop new antibiotics against extensively drug resistant microbes. For instance, antisense oligonucleotide technology offers some advantages for antibacterial drug development including fast and comprehensive procedures for drug design.
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Acknowledgments
The research in the Robert Penchovsky laboratory is supported by a grant DN13/14/20.12.2017 awarded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund, and a grant 80-10-31/18.03.2020 awarded by the Science Fund of Sofia University.
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Valsamatzi-Panagiotou, A., Popova, K.B., Penchovsky, R. (2021). Strategies for Prevention and Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance. In: Panwar, H., Sharma, C., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 49. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 49. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58259-3_1
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