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The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1): An Ally of M. tuberculosis in Host Cells

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Advances in Host-Directed Therapies Against Tuberculosis

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Abstract

The serine/threonine protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a conserved member of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase family. It is the key component of two distinct multi-subunit complexes called mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). Besides mTOR, the catalytic subunit, the two complexes share two additional subunits: the mammalian lethal with Sec13 protein 8 (mLST8, also known as GβL), which stabilizes mTOR, and the DEP-domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein (Deptor), which inhibits mTOR. Moreover, mTORC1 is characterized by the presence of the regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (Raptor, also known as RPTOR), which is involved in mTORC1 localization and substrate recruitment, and the proline-rich AKT substrate of 40 kDa (PRAS40, also known as AKT1S1), an insulin-responsive mTORC1 inhibitor. mTORC2 contains mSIN1, Protor, and the rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (Rictor), a protein that may have analogous function to Raptor. Among the most recent reviews on the structure and function of the two complexes, the reader is referred to [1]. The primary functions of mTORC1 and mTORC2 are distinct: mTORC1 controls cell growth, while mTORC2 controls cell survival and proliferation [2]. Here, we focus on mTORC1, which has been studied in the context of tuberculosis pathogenesis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

    Natalie Bruiners, Valentina Guerrini & Maria Laura Gennaro

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  1. Natalie Bruiners
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  2. Valentina Guerrini
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  3. Maria Laura Gennaro
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Correspondence to Maria Laura Gennaro .

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  1. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Petros C. Karakousis

  2. Division of AIDS (DAIDS), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD, USA

    Richard Hafner

  3. Public Health Research Institute New Jersey Medical School Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

    Maria Laura Gennaro

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Bruiners, N., Guerrini, V., Gennaro, M.L. (2021). The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1): An Ally of M. tuberculosis in Host Cells. In: Karakousis, P.C., Hafner, R., Gennaro, M.L. (eds) Advances in Host-Directed Therapies Against Tuberculosis . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56905-1_3

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