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From Adipogenic Viruses to Antidiabetic Drug: A Translational Journey

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Obesity and Diabetes

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Abstract

Obesity is a complex disease with multifactorial etiology requiring cause-specific treatment approaches. Among the various causes, obesity due to microbial infections has been reported since 1982, linking several microbes to obesity. Among them, avian adenovirus SMAM-1 and the human adenovirus Ad36 have been extensively studied for the past 25 years. Experimental Ad36 infection causes obesity in animal models, yet paradoxically improves glycemic control. The E4orf1 gene of Ad36 has been shown to be necessary and sufficient for adipogenesis and also responsible for better glycemic control. Animal models show that E4orf1 may be a candidate to treat type 1 or type 2 diabetes or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Collectively these studies show a causational and correlational link of Ad36 to animal and human obesity. Overall, developing vaccines to prevent virus-induced obesity and harnessing the antihyperglycemic potential of E4orf1 are the two long-term goals of this line of investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Obesity and Metabolic Health Laboratory, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA

    Vijay Hegde & Nikhil V. Dhurandhar

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  1. Vijay Hegde
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  2. Nikhil V. Dhurandhar
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Correspondence to Nikhil V. Dhurandhar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hospital das Clinicas, Sao Paulo University Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Joel Faintuch

  2. Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Salomão Faintuch

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Hegde, V., Dhurandhar, N.V. (2020). From Adipogenic Viruses to Antidiabetic Drug: A Translational Journey. In: Faintuch, J., Faintuch, S. (eds) Obesity and Diabetes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53370-0_7

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