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Paramyxoviruses as Vaccine Vectors

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Viral Vectors in Veterinary Vaccine Development

Abstract

Paramyxoviruses are a group of enveloped, non-segmented, negative-sense RNA viruses that include some of the major human, animal, and avian pathogens. These viruses cause a variety of diseases, ranging in severity from mild respiratory infections to encephalitis and death. The development of methods to recover recombinant paramyxoviruses from cDNA, known as reverse genetics systems, has made it possible not only to study the lifecycle of these viruses but also to use these viruses as vaccine vectors. Paramyxoviruses stably express a wide variety of heterologous antigens at relatively high levels in many species of animals including nonhuman primates, thus making them potential vaccine vectors. Paramyxovirus vectors have several advantages over other viral vectors. It is most likely that paramyxovirus vectors will play an important role in future human and veterinary vaccine developments. This chapter describes our current knowledge of paramyxovirus biology, genome replication, reverse genetics, construction of vaccine vectors, advantages and limitations of paramyxovirus vectors, and specific recombinant paramyxoviruses used for veterinary vaccine development.

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Acknowledgement

The author would like to thank Anandan Paldurai, Berin Varghese, Edris Shirvani, and Mohammed Elbehairy for their assistance for this chapter.

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  1. Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

    Siba K. Samal

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  1. School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia

    Thiru Vanniasinkam

  2. VIDO-InterVac & School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada

    Suresh K. Tikoo

  3. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, USA

    Siba K. Samal

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Samal, S.K. (2021). Paramyxoviruses as Vaccine Vectors. In: Vanniasinkam, T., Tikoo, S.K., Samal, S.K. (eds) Viral Vectors in Veterinary Vaccine Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51927-8_8

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