Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue exhibits significant regeneration capacity upon injury or disease. This intrinsic regeneration potential is orchestrated by stem cells termed satellite cells, which undergo activation and differentiation in response to muscle insult, giving rise to fusion-competent myogenic progenitors responsible for tissue rejuvenation. Skeletal muscle diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy are characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass which precipitates reduced motility, paralysis, and in some occurrences untimely death. A manifold of muscle pathologies involve a failure to efficiently regenerate the muscle tissue, rendering stem cell-based approaches an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here we will present past and contemporary methods to treat skeletal muscle degeneration by stem cell therapy, covering prominent challenges facing this technology and potential means to overcome current hurdles. A primary focus of this chapter is directed toward illustrating innovative ways to utilize stem cells alone or in conjunction with biomaterials and tissue engineering techniques to remedy Duchenne muscular dystrophy or volumetric muscle loss.
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Acknowledgments
We wish to thank Dr. Ines Soro Arnáiz and Dr. Gommaar D’Hulst as well as all members of the Regenerative and Movement Biology laboratory for their constructive comments and feedback. We are further grateful to Dr. Shahragim Tajbakhsh for providing the Pax7-nGFP mouse strain and Xhem Qabrati, Inseon Kim and Ajda Lenardic for the Pax7-nGFP myoblasts, iMPCs and iPSC-derived MPCs.
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Domenig, S.A., Palmer, A.S., Bar-Nur, O. (2021). Stem Cell-Based and Tissue Engineering Approaches for Skeletal Muscle Repair. In: Eberli, D., Lee, S.J., Traweger, A. (eds) Organ Tissue Engineering. Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44211-8_19
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