Abstract
The tomato red spider mite (RSM), Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard, is an important exotic pest in the production of tomatoes and other solanaceous plants in Africa. Isolates of Beauveria bassiana ICIPE 273, ICIPE 279, ICIPE 283, ICIPE 10, and ICIPE 35 were previously tested for their endophytic activity in tomato in a screenhouse assay. ICIPE 35 was able to colonise leaves, stems and roots of the tomato varieties Cal J, Kilele and Anna F1, whereas the other four isolates were undetectable in all plant parts of the varieties tested, thus confirming no colonisation. Colonisation was assessed after every two-week period by plating the various plant parts on selective media. Persistence was examined by comparing colonisation from week 2, 4 and 6, since there was no colonisation detected after this time, for all the tested tomato varieties. There were no significant differences in levels of colonisation in the various parts of tomato varieties, i.e. stem (F = 1.7, DF = 2, P = 0.186), roots (F = 2.0, DF = 2, P = 0.127), and leaves (F = 0.28, DF = 2, P = 0.752). The density of T. evansi was lower in endophyte-colonised plants than the controls. In conclusion, this study revealed that B. bassiana can colonise and persist in the tested tomato varieties for a period of 6 weeks in the screenhouse and reduce adult RSM populations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Akutse, K., Maniania, N., Fiaboe, K., Van den Berg, J., & Ekesi, S. (2013). Endophytic colonization of Vicia faba and Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae) by fungal pathogens and their effects on the life-history parameters of Liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Fungal Ecology, 6, 293–301.
Bayman, P., Lebron, L. L., Tremblay, R. L., & Lodge, D. J. (1997). Variation in endophytic fungi from roots and leaves of Lepanthes (Orchidaceae). The New Phytologist, 135, 143–149.
Bing, L. A., & Lewis, L. C. (1991). Suppression of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by endophytic Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin. Environmental Entomology, 20, 1207–1211.
Bing, L. A., & Lewis, L. C. (1992). Endophytic Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in corn: The influence of the plant growth stage and Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2, 39–47.
Carroll, G. (1988). Fungal endophytes in stems and leaves: From latent pathogen to mutualistic symbiont. Ecology, 69, 2–9.
Chandler, D., Davidson, G., Pell, J., Ball, B., Shaw, K., & Sunderland, K. (2000). Fungal biocontrol of Acari. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 10, 357–384.
FAO. (2003). World Agriculture Information Centre Data base. http://www.fao.org/waicent/portal/statistics-en.asp
Fisher, P., & Petrini, O. (1987). Location of fungal endophytes in tissues of Suaeda fruticosa: A preliminary study. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 89, 246–249.
Fisher, P., Petrini, O., & Scott, H. L. (1992). The distribution of some fungal and bacterial endophytes in maize (Zea mays L.). The New Phytologist, 122, 299–305.
Goettel, M., & Inglis, G. (1997). Fungi: Hyphomycetes. In L. A. Lacey (Ed.), Manual of techniques in insect pathology (pp. 213–249). London: Academic.
Inglis, G. D., Johnson, D. L., & Goettel, M. S. (1996). An oil-bait bioassay method used to test the efficacy of Beauveria bassiana against grasshoppers. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 67, 312–315.
Kenya Horticultural Development Programme (KHDP). (2008). Keeping small holders in Business, p. 10.
Maniania, N. K., Bugeme, D. M., Wekesa, V. W., Delalibera, I., & Knapp, M. (2008). Role of entomopathogenic fungi in the control of Tetranychus evansi and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), pests of horticultural crops. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 46, 259–274.
Muvea, A. M., Meyhofer, R., Subramanian, S., Poehling, H. M., Ekesi, S., & Maniania, N. K. (2014). Colonization of onions by endophytic fungi and their impacts on the biology of Thrips tabaci. PLoS One 9(9), e108242.
Ownley, B. H., Pereira, R. M., Klingeman, W. E., Quigley, N. B., & Leckie, B. M. (2004). Beauveria bassiana, a dual purpose biocontrol organism, with activity against insect pests and plant pathogens. Information Systems Division, National Agricultural Library.
Ownley, B. H., Griffin, M. R., Klingeman, W. E., Gwinn, K. D., Moulton, J. K., & Pereira, R. M. (2008). Beauveria bassiana: Endophytic colonization and plant disease control. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 98, 267–270.
Posada, F., & Vega, F. E. (2005). Establishment of the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) as an endophyte in cocoa seedlings (Theobroma cacao). Mycologia, 97, 1195–1200.
Posada, F., Aime, M. C., Peterson, S. W., Rehner, S. A., & Vega, F. E. (2007). Inoculation of coffee plants with the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Mycological Research, 111, 748–757.
Powell, W. A., Klingeman, W. E., Ownley, B. H., & Gwinn, K. D. (2009). Evidence of endophytic Beauveria bassiana in seed-treated tomato plants acting as a systemic entomopathogen to larval Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Entomological, 44, 391–396.
Quesada-Moraga, E., Landa, B., Muñoz-Ledesma, J., Jiménez-Diáz, R., & Santiago-Alvarez, C. (2006). Endophytic colonisation of opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, by an entomopathogenic Beauveria bassiana strain. Mycopathologia, 161, 323–329.
Rice, R. P., Rice, L. W., & Tindall, H. D. (1987). Fruit and vegetable production in Africa. Basingstoke: Macmillan Publishers.
Schardl, C. L., Leuchtmann, A., & Spiering, M. J. (2004). Symbioses of grasses with seedborne fungal endophytes. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 55, 315–340.
van Dam, B., Goffau, M. D., van Lidt de Jeude, J., & Naika, S. (2005). Cultivation of tomato: production, processing and marketing. Wageningen: Digigrafi.
Vega, F. E., Posada, F., Aime, M. C., Pava-Ripoll, M., Infante, F., & Rehner, S. A. (2008). Entomopathogenic fungal endophytes. Biological Control, 46, 72–82.
Vega, F. E., Goettel, M. S., Blackwell, M., Chandler, D., Jackson, M. A., Keller, S., et al. (2009). Fungal entomopathogens: New insights on their ecology. Fungal Ecology, 2, 149–159.
Wekesa, V. W., Maniania, N. K., Knapp, M., & Boga, H. I. (2005). Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to the tobacco spider mite Tetranychus evansi. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 36, 41–50.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Omukoko, C.A., Maniania, N.K., Wekesa, V.W., Turoop, L. (2020). Effects and Persistence of Endophytic Beauveria bassiana in Tomato Varieties on Mite Density Tetranychus evansi in the Screenhouse. In: Niassy, S., Ekesi, S., Migiro, L., Otieno, W. (eds) Sustainable Management of Invasive Pests in Africa. Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41083-4_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41083-4_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-41082-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-41083-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)