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Congenital Malformations of the Lung

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Thoracic Surgery

Abstract

Congenital malformations of the lung are presenting many different types of histological and anatomical anomalies developing during the prenatal period. Classification can be made into congenital pulmonary airway malformation , bronchopulmonary sequestration , bronchial atresia, bronchogenic cyst and congenital lobar emphysema . Prenatal imaging, most usually by ultrasound in the clinical routine, is revealing and magnet-resonance-imaging might help to specify, but only surgical treatment and histological examination can determine the definitive diagnosis . In those malformations containing the risk of cardiac affection and hydrops, dyspnoea, recurrent infections and malignancy the best therapy at the right time needs to be interdisciplinary discussed in a team of surgeons, radiologists and obstetric gynecologists specialized in prenatal diagnostic. This chapter covers the different entities of congenital lung malformations, their diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as the therapeutic options including prenatal medication, fetal intervention, ex-utero intrapartum treatment or resection after birth, by either minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or by conventional open surgery .

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Further Reading

  1. Adzick NS. Management of fetal lung lesions. Clin Perinatol. 2009;36(2):363–76, x. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clp.2009.03.001.

  2. Downard CD, Calkins CM, Williams RF, Renaud EJ, Jancelewicz T, Grabowski J. et al. Treatment of congenital pulmonary airway malformations. A systematic review from the APSA outcomes and evidence based practice committee. Pediatr Surgery Int. 2017;33(9):S.939–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00383-017-4098-z.

  3. Rothenberg Steven S. Thoracoscopy in infants and children: basic techniques. In: Bax NMA, editor. Endoscopic surgery in infants and children. Berlin, New York: Springer; 2008. p. 89–94.

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  4. Demir OF, Hangul M, Kose M. Congenital lobar emphysema: diagnosis and treatment options. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2019;14:921–928. https://doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S170581.P.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Klinikum Dortmund, Beurhausstrasse 40, 44137, Dortmund, Germany

    Bernd Pösentrup & Andreas Leutner

  2. Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplant and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Strasse 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Jens Guenter Riedel

  3. Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplant and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen, Rudolf-Buchheim-Strasse 7, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Martin Reichert

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  1. Bernd Pösentrup
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Correspondence to Martin Reichert .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

    Claudiu E. Nistor

  2. Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK

    Steven Tsui

  3. KoĹźuyolu Heart and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Kaan Kırali

  4. “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania

    Adrian Ciuche

  5. Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK

    Giuseppe Aresu

  6. The University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Gregor J. Kocher

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Pösentrup, B., Leutner, A., Riedel, J.G., Reichert, M. (2020). Congenital Malformations of the Lung. In: Nistor, C.E., Tsui, S., Kırali, K., Ciuche, A., Aresu, G., Kocher, G.J. (eds) Thoracic Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40679-0_26

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