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Gastrointestinal Disorders Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use

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Textbook of Addiction Treatment

Abstract

Acute and chronic gastrointestinal (GI) problems are common in the setting of alcohol, tobacco, and prescription and recreational drug use. Excessive alcohol use is associated with injury to all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Alcohol-related liver disease, alcohol-related pancreatitis, and gastrointestinal cancer are important causes of morbidity and mortality related to excessive alcohol use. Tobacco use is associated with gastroesophageal reflux, peptic ulceration, gastrointestinal cancer, and Crohn’s disease but appears to protect against ulcerative colitis. Opioids have important effects on gastrointestinal secretion and motility. Narcotic bowel syndrome may develop in the setting of escalating doses of opioid analgesia. Cannabis use is associated with both relief of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and adverse gastrointestinal effects. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome should be considered in the setting of heavy cannabis use and recurrent vomiting. The body packing syndrome is sporadically encountered at hospitals near international transport hubs and can be challenging when encountered.

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Further Reading

  • Duell EJ, et al. Alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94(5):1266–75.

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  1. Drug Health, Western Sydney Local Health District, Westmead, NSW, Australia

    Guang Chen

  2. Drug Health Services, Sydney Local Health District, The University of Sydney Central Clinical School, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Paul S. Haber

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    Nady el-Guebaly

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  3. Division of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Marc Galanter

  4. Population and Behavioural Science Division (Psychiatry and Addictions), University of St Andrews, St.Andrews, UK

    Alexander M. Baldacchino

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Chen, G., Haber, P.S. (2021). Gastrointestinal Disorders Related to Alcohol and Other Drug Use. In: el-Guebaly, N., Carrà, G., Galanter, M., Baldacchino, A.M. (eds) Textbook of Addiction Treatment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36391-8_76

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