Abstract
Fundamental causes of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD) remain a matter of debate, and the discovery of disease-modifying treatments represents a great challenge. Currently, patients with NDD have only access to actives intended to alleviate symptoms and not to target fundamental causes of the diseases. Meanwhile, in the last few years, a strong conviction has emerged from the clinical and fundamental research that an early diagnosis, even before any cognitive or motor symptoms, is the path toward improvement of the therapeutic course of these irreversible pathologies.
This urgent need for early diagnostic tests could be in a near future, at least partially addressed by advances in the therapeutic use of nanotechnology. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in the biomedical field is mostly recognized for drug delivery applications. Nevertheless, the potential of nanotechnology is now also recognized for providing new tools to explore physiology and pathophysiology. The area of NP-assisted in vivo imaging is particularly active. Indeed, functionalized nano-objects, such as liposomes, micelles, inorganic semiconductors, metallic and polymer NPs, could have huge impact on in vivo detection of pathological targets and analysis of brain tissue in real time. In this chapter, we propose a critical overview of the use of NPs in neurosciences focused on in vivo NDD diagnostic. Emphasis will be put on in vivo recent functional study of diseased tissues using different types of NP.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Chaire Louise & André on Alzheimer’s disease, Fondation Armand-Frappier and MRIF (C.R.); JMR was a NSERC postdoctoral fellow (2017–2019).
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Rabanel, JM., Perrotte, M., Ramassamy, C. (2019). Nanotechnology at the Rescue of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Tools for Early Diagnostic. In: Rai, M., Yadav, A. (eds) Nanobiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30930-5_2
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