Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Voiding Dysfunction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Female Pelvic Surgery

  • 839 Accesses

Abstract

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin which is produced by the gram-positive bacteria Clostridium botulinum and has been used for various clinical applications since the 1980s. the toxin exerts its effects at the presynaptic nerve terminals by inhibiting the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Urologists most commonly use botulinum toxin as a therapeutic intervention for patients with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to idiopathic overactive bladder (OAB) as well as adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction after initial therapeutic modalities have failed to improve symptoms. Intradetrusor botulinum toxin injection is very effective in treating OAB symptoms and has shown to improve urinary urgency, frequency, nocturia, and urgency urinary incontinence in clinical trials. Patients with adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction also had significant improvements in reducing urgency urinary incontinence episodes as well as significant improvements in quality of life. Despite the drug’s clinical efficacy, patients must be carefully selected for therapy and informed of the risks of the procedure. The most common adverse effects experienced in clinical trials and in clinical practice include urinary tract infection (UTI) and incomplete bladder emptying requiring de novo clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). Additionally, patients should be informed of the need to repeat injections in the future to maintain therapeutic efficacy. Injections may be performed using cystoscopic guidance in an office setting for most patients and the procedure is well tolerated using local anesthesia. Patients should be reassessed approximately 2 weeks postinjection to assess their post void residual. Additionally, patients are recommended to follow up approximately 3 months following their initial injection to assess symptom improvement and determine the need for a repeat injection.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Dong M, Yeh F, Tepp WH, Dean C, Johnson EA, Janz R, et al. SV2 is the protein receptor for botulinum neurotoxin A. Science. 2006;312(5773):592–6. Epub 2006/03/18. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1123654. PubMed PMID: 16543415.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Coelho A, Dinis P, Pinto R, Gorgal T, Silva C, Silva A, et al. Distribution of the high-affinity binding site and intracellular target of botulinum toxin type A in the human bladder. Eur Urol. 2010;57(5):884–90. Epub 2010/01/02. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2009.12.022. PubMed PMID: 20044204.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Coelho A, Cruz F, Cruz CD, Avelino A. Effect of onabotulinumtoxinA on intramural parasympathetic ganglia: an experimental study in the guinea pig bladder. J Urol. 2012;187(3):1121–6. Epub 2012/01/24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.130. PubMed PMID: 22266001.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ikeda Y, Zabbarova IV, Birder LA, de Groat WC, McCarthy CJ, Hanna-Mitchell AT, et al. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A suppresses neurotransmitter release from afferent as well as efferent nerves in the urinary bladder. Eur Urol. 2012;62(6):1157–64. Epub 2012/04/07. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.03.031. PubMed PMID: 22480459; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5515465.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Purkiss J, Welch M, Doward S, Foster K. Capsaicin-stimulated release of substance P from cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons: involvement of two distinct mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000;59(11):1403–6. Epub 2001/02/07. PubMed PMID: 10751549.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Aoki KR. Review of a proposed mechanism for the antinociceptive action of botulinum toxin type A. Neurotoxicology. 2005;26(5):785–93. Epub 2005/07/09. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2005.01.017. PubMed PMID: 16002144.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Meng J, Wang J, Lawrence G, Dolly JO. Synaptobrevin I mediates exocytosis of CGRP from sensory neurons and inhibition by botulinum toxins reflects their anti-nociceptive potential. J Cell Sci. 2007;120(Pt 16):2864–74. Epub 2007/08/02. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.012211. PubMed PMID: 17666428.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Meng J, Ovsepian SV, Wang J, Pickering M, Sasse A, Aoki KR, et al. Activation of TRPV1 mediates calcitonin gene-related peptide release, which excites trigeminal sensory neurons and is attenuated by a retargeted botulinum toxin with anti-nociceptive potential. J Neurosci. 2009;29(15):4981–92. Epub 2009/04/17. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5490-08.2009. PubMed PMID: 19369567.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Collins VM, Daly DM, Liaskos M, McKay NG, Sellers D, Chapple C, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA significantly attenuates bladder afferent nerve firing and inhibits ATP release from the urothelium. BJU Int. 2013;112(7):1018–26. Epub 2013/08/14. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12266. PubMed PMID: 23937318.

  10. Kuo HC, Liu HT, Chuang YC, Birder LA, Chancellor MB. Pilot study of liposome-encapsulated onabotulinumtoxina for patients with overactive bladder: a single-center study. Eur Urol. 2014;65(6):1117–24. Epub 2014/02/22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2014.01.036. PubMed PMID: 24555904.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Krhut J, Navratilova M, Sykora R, Jurakova M, Gartner M, Mika D, et al. Intravesical instillation of onabotulinum toxin A embedded in inert hydrogel in the treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder: a double-blind randomized pilot study. Scand J Urol. 2016;50(3):200–5. Epub 2016/04/26. https://doi.org/10.3109/21681805.2015.1121406. PubMed PMID: 27111192.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gajewski JB, Schurch B, Hamid R, Averbeck M, Sakakibara R, Agro EF, et al. An International Continence Society (ICS) report on the terminology for adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (ANLUTD). Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;37:1152. Epub 2017/11/18. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23397. PubMed PMID: 29149505.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Ku JH. The management of neurogenic bladder and quality of life in spinal cord injury. BJU Int. 2006;98(4):739–45. Epub 2006/09/19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06395.x. PubMed PMID: 16978269.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Haab F. Chapter 1: the conditions of neurogenic detrusor overactivity and overactive bladder. Neurourol Urodyn. 2014;33 Suppl 3:S2–5. Epub 2014/07/22. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22636. PubMed PMID: 25042138.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stohrer M, Blok B, Castro-Diaz D, Chartier-Kastler E, Del Popolo G, Kramer G, et al. EAU guidelines on neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. Eur Urol. 2009;56(1):81–8. Epub 2009/05/01. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2009.04.028. PubMed PMID: 19403235.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Chancellor MB, Anderson RU, Boone TB. Pharmacotherapy for neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;85(6):536–45. Epub 2006/05/23. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.phm.0000219229.92056.c2. PubMed PMID: 16715024.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Menarini M, Del Popolo G, Di Benedetto P, Haselmann J, Bodeker RH, Schwantes U, et al. Trospium chloride in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity: is dose titration of benefit to the patients? Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006;44(12):623–32. Epub 2006/12/28. PubMed PMID: 17190372.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Chancellor MB, Migliaccio-Walle K, Bramley TJ, Chaudhari SL, Corbell C, Globe D. Long-term patterns of use and treatment failure with anticholinergic agents for overactive bladder. Clin Ther. 2013;35(11):1744–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.08.017. PubMed PMID: 24091072.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Wagg A, Compion G, Fahey A, Siddiqui E. Persistence with prescribed antimuscarinic therapy for overactive bladder: a UK experience. BJU Int. 2012;110(11):1767–74. Epub 2012/03/14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11023.x. PubMed PMID: 22409769.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Krhut J, Borovicka V, Bilkova K, Sykora R, Mika D, Mokris J, et al. Efficacy and safety of mirabegron for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity-prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37:2226. Epub 2018/04/01. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23566. PubMed PMID: 29603781.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Dykstra DD, Sidi AA, Scott AB, Pagel JM, Goldish GD. Effects of botulinum A toxin on detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in spinal cord injury patients. J Urol. 1988;139(5):919–22. Epub 1988/05/01. PubMed PMID: 3361663.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Schurch B, Stohrer M, Kramer G, Schmid DM, Gaul G, Hauri D. Botulinum-A toxin for treating detrusor hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured patients: a new alternative to anticholinergic drugs? Preliminary results. J Urol. 2000;164(3 Pt 1):692–7. Epub 2000/08/23. PubMed PMID: 10953127.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Schurch B, de Seze M, Denys P, Chartier-Kastler E, Haab F, Everaert K, et al. Botulinum toxin type a is a safe and effective treatment for neurogenic urinary incontinence: results of a single treatment, randomized, placebo controlled 6-month study. J Urol. 2005;174(1):196–200. Epub 2005/06/11. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000162035.73977.1c. PubMed PMID: 15947626.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Herschorn S, Gajewski J, Ethans K, Corcos J, Carlson K, Bailly G, et al. Efficacy of botulinum toxin A injection for neurogenic detrusor overactivity and urinary incontinence: a randomized, double-blind trial. J Urol. 2011;185(6):2229–35. Epub 2011/04/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.004. PubMed PMID: 21497851.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Cruz F, Herschorn S, Aliotta P, Brin M, Thompson C, Lam W, et al. Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA in patients with urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Urol. 2011;60(4):742–50. Epub 2011/07/30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2011.07.002. PubMed PMID: 21798658.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ginsberg D, Gousse A, Keppenne V, Sievert KD, Thompson C, Lam W, et al. Phase 3 efficacy and tolerability study of onabotulinumtoxinA for urinary incontinence from neurogenic detrusor overactivity. J Urol. 2012;187(6):2131–9. Epub 2012/04/17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.01.125. PubMed PMID: 22503020.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Kalsi V, Gonzales G, Popat R, Apostolidis A, Elneil S, Dasgupta P, et al. Botulinum injections for the treatment of bladder symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2007;62(5):452–7. Epub 2007/09/25. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21209. PubMed PMID: 17890635.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Ginsberg D, Cruz F, Herschorn S, Gousse A, Keppenne V, Aliotta P, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA is effective in patients with urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity [corrected] regardless of concomitant anticholinergic use or neurologic etiology. Adv Ther. 2013;30(9):819–33. Epub 2013/09/28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-013-0054-z. PubMed PMID: 24072665; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3824824.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Rovner E, Dmochowski R, Chapple C, Thompson C, Lam W, Haag-Molkenteller C. OnabotulinumtoxinA improves urodynamic outcomes in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Neurourol Urodyn. 2013;32(8):1109–15. Epub 2013/02/08. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22376. PubMed PMID: 23389824.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Chermansky CJ, Chancellor MB. Use of botulinum toxin in urologic diseases. Urology. 2016;91:21–32. Epub 2016/01/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.12.049. PubMed PMID: 26777748.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Kennelly M, Dmochowski R, Ethans K, Karsenty G, Schulte-Baukloh H, Jenkins B, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA in patients with urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity: an interim analysis. Urology. 2013;81(3):491–7. Epub 2013/01/08. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2012.11.010. PubMed PMID: 23290144.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Joussain C, Popoff M, Phe V, Even A, Bosset PO, Pottier S, et al. Long-term outcomes and risks factors for failure of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxin A injections for the treatment of refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(2):799–806. Epub 2017/07/27. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23352. PubMed PMID: 28745807.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Leitner L, Guggenbuhl-Roy S, Knupfer SC, Walter M, Schneider MP, Tornic J, et al. More than 15 years of experience with intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections for treating refractory neurogenic detrusor overactivity: lessons to be learned. Eur Urol. 2016;70(3):522–8. Epub 2016/04/24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2016.03.052. PubMed PMID: 27106070.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Mangera A, Andersson KE, Apostolidis A, Chapple C, Dasgupta P, Giannantoni A, et al. Contemporary management of lower urinary tract disease with botulinum toxin A: a systematic review of botox (onabotulinumtoxinA) and dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA). Eur Urol. 2011;60(4):784–95. Epub 2011/07/26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2011.07.001. PubMed PMID: 21782318.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Peyronnet B, Castel-Lacanal E, Manunta A, Roumiguie M, Marque P, Rischmann P, et al. Failure of botulinum toxin injection for neurogenic detrusor overactivity: switch of toxin versus second injection of the same toxin. Int J Urol. 2015;22(12):1160–5. Epub 2015/09/24. https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.12950. PubMed PMID: 26391575.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Bottet F, Peyronnet B, Boissier R, Reiss B, Previnaire JG, Manunta A, et al. Switch to Abobotulinum toxin A may be useful in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity when intradetrusor injections of Onabotulinum toxin A failed. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37(1):291–7. Epub 2017/04/22. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23291. PubMed PMID: 28431196.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. clinicaltrials.gov. Dysport® treatment of urinary incontinence in adults subjects with Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity (NDO) due to spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis – study 1.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Groen J, Pannek J, Castro Diaz D, Del Popolo G, Gross T, Hamid R, et al. Summary of European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on neuro-urology. Eur Urol. 2016;69(2):324–33. Epub 2015/08/26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2015.07.071. PubMed PMID: 26304502.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kaviani A, Khavari R. Disease-specific outcomes of botulinum toxin injections for neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Urol Clin North Am. 2017;44(3):463–74. Epub 2017/07/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ucl.2017.04.012. PubMed PMID: 28716326; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5604875.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Anderson RU, Orenberg EK, Glowe P. OnabotulinumtoxinA office treatment for neurogenic bladder incontinence in Parkinson’s disease. Urology. 2014;83(1):22–7. Epub 2013/11/16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2013.09.017. PubMed PMID: 24231202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Jiang YH, Liao CH, Tang DL, Kuo HC. Efficacy and safety of intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injection on elderly patients with chronic central nervous system lesions and overactive bladder. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e105989. Epub 2014/08/26. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105989. PubMed PMID: 25148378; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4141863.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Kulaksizoglu H, Parman Y. Use of botulinum toxin-A for the treatment of overactive bladder symptoms in patients with Parkinsons’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16(8):531–4. Epub 2010/07/20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.06.006. PubMed PMID: 20637678.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Giannantoni A, Rossi A, Mearini E, Del Zingaro M, Porena M, Berardelli A. Botulinum toxin A for overactive bladder and detrusor muscle overactivity in patients with Parkinson’s disease and multiple system atrophy. J Urol. 2009;182(4):1453–7. Epub 2009/08/18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.06.023. PubMed PMID: 19683298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Giannantoni A, Conte A, Proietti S, Giovannozzi S, Rossi A, Fabbrini G, et al. Botulinum toxin type A in patients with Parkinson’s disease and refractory overactive bladder. J Urol. 2011;186(3):960–4. Epub 2011/07/28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.04.071. PubMed PMID: 21791351.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Vurture G, Peyronnet B, Feigin A, Biagioni MC, Gilbert R, Rosenblum N, et al. Outcomes of intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A injection in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018;37:2669. Epub 2018/05/17. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23717. PubMed PMID: 29767449.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the international continence society. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;187(1):116–26. PubMed PMID: 12114899.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Stewart WF, Van Rooyen JB, Cundiff GW, Abrams P, Herzog AR, Corey R, et al. Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in the United States. World J Urol. 2003;20(6):327–36. Epub 2003/06/18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-002-0301-4. PubMed PMID: 12811491.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Irwin DE, Milsom I, Hunskaar S, Reilly K, Kopp Z, Herschorn S, et al. Population-based survey of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms in five countries: results of the EPIC study. Eur Urol. 2006;50(6):1306–14; discussion 14-5. Epub 2006/10/20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2006.09.019. PubMed PMID: 17049716.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Gormley EA, Lightner DJ, Faraday M, Vasavada SP. Diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder (non-neurogenic) in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline amendment. J Urol. 2015;193(5):1572–80. Epub 2015/01/28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.087. PubMed PMID: 25623739.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Yeaw J, Benner JS, Walt JG, Sian S, Smith DB. Comparing adherence and persistence across 6 chronic medication classes. J Manag Care Pharm. 2009;15(9):728–40. Epub 2009/12/04. https://doi.org/10.18553/jmcp.2009.15.9.728. PubMed PMID: 19954264.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Chapple CR, Nazir J, Hakimi Z, Bowditch S, Fatoye F, Guelfucci F, et al. Persistence and adherence with mirabegron versus antimuscarinic agents in patients with overactive bladder: a retrospective observational study in UK clinical practice. Eur Urol. 2017;72(3):389–99. Epub 2017/02/16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2017.01.037. PubMed PMID: 28196724.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Kuo HC. Clinical effects of suburothelial injection of botulinum A toxin on patients with nonneurogenic detrusor overactivity refractory to anticholinergics. Urology. 2005;66(1):94–8. Epub 2005/07/05. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2005.02.002. PubMed PMID: 15992869.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Rajkumar GN, Small DR, Mustafa AW, Conn G. A prospective study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy and durability of response of intravesical injection of botulinum toxin type A into detrusor muscle in patients with refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity. BJU Int. 2005;96(6):848–52. Epub 2005/09/13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05725.x. PubMed PMID: 16153215.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Kessler TM, Danuser H, Schumacher M, Studer UE, Burkhard FC. Botulinum A toxin injections into the detrusor: an effective treatment in idiopathic and neurogenic detrusor overactivity? Neurourol Urodyn. 2005;24(3):231–6. Epub 2005/03/05. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20105. PubMed PMID: 15747344.

  55. Flynn MK, Webster GD, Amundsen CL. The effect of botulinum-A toxin on patients with severe urge urinary incontinence. J Urol. 2004;172(6 Pt 1):2316–20. Epub 2004/11/13. PubMed PMID: 15538257.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Dmochowski R, Chapple C, Nitti VW, Chancellor M, Everaert K, Thompson C, et al. Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA for idiopathic overactive bladder: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized, dose ranging trial. J Urol. 2010;184(6):2416–22. Epub 2010/10/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.08.021. PubMed PMID: 20952013.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Denys P, Le Normand L, Ghout I, Costa P, Chartier-Kastler E, Grise P, et al. Efficacy and safety of low doses of onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of refractory idiopathic overactive bladder: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. Eur Urol. 2012;61(3):520–9. Epub 2011/11/01. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2011.10.028. PubMed PMID: 22036776.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Nitti VW, Dmochowski R, Herschorn S, Sand P, Thompson C, Nardo C, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of patients with overactive bladder and urinary incontinence: results of a phase 3, randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Urol. 2013;189(6):2186–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.12.022. PubMed PMID: 23246476.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Chapple C, Sievert KD, MacDiarmid S, Khullar V, Radziszewski P, Nardo C, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA 100 U significantly improves all idiopathic overactive bladder symptoms and quality of life in patients with overactive bladder and urinary incontinence: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Urol. 2013;64(2):249–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2013.04.001. PubMed PMID: 23608668.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Patel DN, Jamnagerwalla J, Houman J, Anger JT, Eilber KS. What is the true catheterization rate after intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA injection? Int Urogynecol J. 2017: 29: 1005. Epub 2017/08/16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-017-3440-2. PubMed PMID: 28808734.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Sievert KD, Chapple C, Herschorn S, Joshi M, Zhou J, Nardo C, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA 100U provides significant improvements in overactive bladder symptoms in patients with urinary incontinence regardless of the number of anticholinergic therapies used or reason for inadequate management of overactive bladder. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68(10):1246–56. Epub 2014/04/24. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.12443. PubMed PMID: 24754838; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4282287.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  62. Lopez Ramos H, Torres Castellanos L, Ponce Esparza I, Jaramillo A, Rodriguez A, Moreno Bencardino C. Management of overactive bladder with onabotulinumtoxinA: systematic review and meta-analysis. Urology. 2017;100:53–8. Epub 2016/10/30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2016.10.026. PubMed PMID: 27789302.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Nitti VW, Ginsberg D, Sievert KD, Sussman D, Radomski S, Sand P, et al. Durable efficacy and safety of long-term onabotulinumtoxinA treatment in patients with overactive bladder syndrome: final results of a 3.5-year study. J Urol. 2016;196(3):791–800. Epub 2016/04/04. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.03.146. PubMed PMID: 27038769.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Drake MJ, Nitti VW, Ginsberg DA, Brucker BM, Hepp Z, McCool R, et al. Comparative assessment of the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA and oral therapies (anticholinergics and mirabegron) for overactive bladder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BJU Int. 2017;120(5):611–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.13945. PubMed PMID: 28670786.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Visco AG, Brubaker L, Richter HE, Nygaard I, Paraiso MF, Menefee SA, et al. Anticholinergic therapy vs. onabotulinumtoxinA for urgency urinary incontinence. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(19):1803–13. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1208872. PubMed PMID: 23036134; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3543828.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  66. Amundsen CL, Richter HE, Menefee SA, Komesu YM, Arya LA, Gregory WT, et al. OnabotulinumtoxinA vs sacral neuromodulation on refractory urgency urinary incontinence in women: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;316(13):1366–74. Epub 2016/10/05. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.14617. PubMed PMID: 27701661; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5399419.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  67. Montague DK, Angermeier KW. Postprostatectomy urinary incontinence: the case for artificial urinary sphincter implantation. Urology. 2000;55(1):2–4. Epub 2000/02/02. PubMed PMID: 10654883.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Winters JC, Dmochowski RR, Goldman HB, Herndon CD, Kobashi KC, Kraus SR, et al. Urodynamic studies in adults: AUA/SUFU guideline. J Urol. 2012;188(6 Suppl):2464–72. Epub 2012/10/27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.081. PubMed PMID: 23098783.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Allergan Pharmaceuticals I, California. Botox (botulinum toxin type A) package insert. 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Houman J, Moradzadeh A, Patel DN, Asanad K, Anger JT, Eilber KS. What is the ideal antibiotic prophylaxis for intravesically administered Botox injection? A comparison of two different regimens. Int Urogynecol J. 2018;30:701. Epub 2018/08/04. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-018-3721-4. PubMed PMID: 30074062.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Kuo HC. Botulinum A toxin urethral injection for the treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction. J Urol. 2003;170(5):1908–12. Epub 2003/10/09. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000091281.50081.f0. PubMed PMID: 14532805.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Schulte-Baukloh H, Weiss C, Stolze T, Herholz J, Sturzebecher B, Miller K, et al. Botulinum-A toxin detrusor and sphincter injection in treatment of overactive bladder syndrome: objective outcome and patient satisfaction. Eur Urol. 2005;48(6):984–90; discussion 90. Epub 2005/08/30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2005.06.021. PubMed PMID: 16126328.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Gallien P, Reymann JM, Amarenco G, Nicolas B, de Seze M, Bellissant E. Placebo controlled, randomised, double blind study of the effects of botulinum A toxin on detrusor sphincter dyssynergia in multiple sclerosis patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005;76(12):1670–6. Epub 2005/11/18. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2004.045765. PubMed PMID: 16291892; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1739451.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Maria G, Brisinda G, Civello IM, Bentivoglio AR, Sganga G, Albanese A. Relief by botulinum toxin of voiding dysfunction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Urology. 2003;62(2):259–64; discussion 64–5. PubMed PMID: 12893330.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Brisinda G, Cadeddu F, Vanella S, Mazzeo P, Marniga G, Maria G. Relief by botulinum toxin of lower urinary tract symptoms owing to benign prostatic hyperplasia: early and long-term results. Urology. 2009;73(1):90–4. Epub 2008/11/11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.475. PubMed PMID: 18995889.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. McVary KT, Roehrborn CG, Chartier-Kastler E, Efros M, Bugarin D, Chen R, et al. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study of onabotulinumtoxinA 200 U to treat lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2014;192(1):150–6. Epub 2014/02/11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.004. PubMed PMID: 24508634.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Marberger M, Chartier-Kastler E, Egerdie B, Lee KS, Grosse J, Bugarin D, et al. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 dose-ranging study of onabotulinumtoxinA in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol. 2013;63(3):496–503. Epub 2012/10/27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.10.005. PubMed PMID: 23098762.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Hanno PM, Burks DA, Clemens JQ, Dmochowski RR, Erickson D, Fitzgerald MP, et al. AUA guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. J Urol. 2011;185(6):2162–70. Epub 2011/04/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.03.064. PubMed PMID: 21497847.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Giannantoni A, Costantini E, Di Stasi SM, Tascini MC, Bini V, Porena M. Botulinum A toxin intravesical injections in the treatment of painful bladder syndrome: a pilot study. Eur Urol. 2006;49(4):704–9. Epub 2006/01/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2005.12.002. PubMed PMID: 16417964.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Liu HT, Kuo HC. Intravesical botulinum toxin A injections plus hydrodistension can reduce nerve growth factor production and control bladder pain in interstitial cystitis. Urology. 2007;70(3):463–8. Epub 2007/10/02. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2007.04.038. PubMed PMID: 17905097.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Giannantoni A, Porena M, Costantini E, Zucchi A, Mearini L, Mearini E. Botulinum A toxin intravesical injection in patients with painful bladder syndrome: 1-year followup. J Urol. 2008;179(3):1031–4. Epub 2008/01/22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.10.032. PubMed PMID: 18206941.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Duggan MJ, Quinn CP, Chaddock JA, Purkiss JR, Alexander FC, Doward S, et al. Inhibition of release of neurotransmitters from rat dorsal root ganglia by a novel conjugate of a Clostridium botulinum toxin A endopeptidase fragment and Erythrina cristagalli lectin. J Biol Chem. 2002;277(38):34846–52. Epub 2002/07/10. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M202902200. PubMed PMID: 12105193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Pinto RA, Costa D, Morgado A, Pereira P, Charrua A, Silva J, et al. Intratrigonal onabotulinumtoxinA improves bladder symptoms and quality of life in patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis: a pilot, single center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. J Urol. 2018;199(4):998–1003. Epub 2017/10/17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.10.018. PubMed PMID: 29031769.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Coelho A, Antunes-Lopes T, Gillespie J, Cruz F. Beta-3 adrenergic receptor is expressed in acetylcholine-containing nerve fibers of the human urinary bladder: an immunohistochemical study. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(8):1972–80. Epub 2017/02/12. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23224. PubMed PMID: 28185314.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Apostolidis A, Dasgupta P, Denys P, Elneil S, Fowler CJ, Giannantoni A, et al. Recommendations on the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of lower urinary tract disorders and pelvic floor dysfunctions: a European consensus report. Eur Urol. 2009;55(1):100–19. Epub 2008/10/01. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2008.09.009. PubMed PMID: 18823697.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Kuo HC, Chancellor MB. Comparison of intravesical botulinum toxin type A injections plus hydrodistention with hydrodistention alone for the treatment of refractory interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. BJU Int. 2009;104(5):657–61. Epub 2009/04/03. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2009.08495.x. PubMed PMID: 19338543.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Pinto R, Lopes T, Frias B, Silva A, Silva JA, Silva CM, et al. Trigonal injection of botulinum toxin A in patients with refractory bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis. Eur Urol. 2010;58(3):360–5. Epub 2010/03/17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2010.02.031. PubMed PMID: 20227820.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Chuang YC, Kuo HC. A prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial of bladder instillation of liposome formulation onabotulinumtoxinA for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. J Urol. 2017;198(2):376–82. Epub 2017/02/17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.021. PubMed PMID: 28202358.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Mathias SD, Kuppermann M, Liberman RF, Lipschutz RC, Steege JF. Chronic pelvic pain: prevalence, health-related quality of life, and economic correlates. Obstet Gynecol. 1996;87(3):321–7. Epub 1996/03/01. PubMed PMID: 8598948.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Crisp CC, Vaccaro CM, Estanol MV, Oakley SH, Kleeman SD, Fellner AN, et al. Intra-vaginal diazepam for high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2013;24(11):1915–23. Epub 2013/05/18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-013-2108-9. PubMed PMID: 23681047.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Srinivasan AK, Kaye JD, Moldwin R. Myofascial dysfunction associated with chronic pelvic floor pain: management strategies. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2007;11(5):359–64. Epub 2007/09/27. PubMed PMID: 17894926.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Oyama IA, Rejba A, Lukban JC, Fletcher E, Kellogg-Spadt S, Holzberg AS, et al. Modified Thiele massage as therapeutic intervention for female patients with interstitial cystitis and high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction. Urology. 2004;64(5):862–5. Epub 2004/11/10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2004.06.065. PubMed PMID: 15533464.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Lukban J, Whitmore K, Kellogg-Spadt S, Bologna R, Lesher A, Fletcher E. The effect of manual physical therapy in patients diagnosed with interstitial cystitis, high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction, and sacroiliac dysfunction. Urology. 2001;57(6 Suppl 1):121–2. Epub 2001/05/30. PubMed PMID: 11378106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Truong D, Duane DD, Jankovic J, Singer C, Seeberger LC, Comella CL, et al. Efficacy and safety of botulinum type A toxin (Dysport) in cervical dystonia: results of the first US randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Mov Disord. 2005;20(7):783–91. Epub 2005/03/01. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.20403. PubMed PMID: 15736159.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Adelowo A, Hacker MR, Shapiro A, Modest AM, Elkadry E. Botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX) for refractory myofascial pelvic pain. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2013;19(5):288–92. Epub 2013/08/29. https://doi.org/10.1097/SPV.0b013e3182989fd8. PubMed PMID: 23982578; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3757523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Goldstein AT, Burrows LJ, Kellogg-Spadt S. Intralevator injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of hypertonic pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and vestibulodynia. J Sex Med. 2011;8(5):1287–90. Epub 2011/04/28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02270.x. PubMed PMID: 21521483.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Gregg JR, Bhalla RG, Cook JP, Kang C, Dmochowski R, Talbot TR, et al. An evidence-based protocol for antibiotic use prior to cystoscopy decreases antibiotic use without impacting post-procedural symptomatic urinary tract infection rates. J Urol. 2018;199(4):1004–10. Epub 2017/11/08. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.10.038. PubMed PMID: 29108916.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Stamm AW, Adelstein SA, Chen A, Lucioni A, Kobashi KC, Lee UJ. Inconsistency in the definition of urinary tract infection after intravesical botulinum toxin A injection: a systematic review. J Urol. 2018;200:809. Epub 2018/04/14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.03.132. PubMed PMID: 29653162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Wolf JS, Jr., Bennett CJ, Dmochowski RR, Hollenbeck BK, Pearle MS, Schaeffer AJ, et al. Best practice policy statement on urologic surgery antimicrobial prophylaxis. J Urol. 2008;179(4):1379–90. Epub 2008/02/19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.01.068. PubMed PMID: 18280509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Wyndaele JJ, Van Dromme SA. Muscular weakness as side effect of botulinum toxin injection for neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Spinal Cord. 2002;40(11):599–600. Epub 2002/11/02. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3101318. PubMed PMID: 12411968.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. De Laet K, Wyndaele JJ. Adverse events after botulinum A toxin injection for neurogenic voiding disorders. Spinal Cord. 2005;43(7):397–9. Epub 2005/03/03. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3101736. PubMed PMID: 15741978.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Kennelly M, Dmochowski R, Schulte-Baukloh H, Ethans K, Del Popolo G, Moore C, et al. Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA therapy are sustained over 4 years of treatment in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity: final results of a long-term extension study. Neurourol Urodyn. 2017;36(2):368–75. Epub 2015/11/27. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.22934. PubMed PMID: 26607743.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Shergill IS, Arya M, Hamid R, Khastgir J, Patel HR, Shah PJ. The importance of autonomic dysreflexia to the urologist. BJU Int. 2004;93(7):923–6. Epub 2004/05/15. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2003.04756.x. PubMed PMID: 15142138.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Peyronnet B, Sanson S, Amarenco G, Castel-Lacanal E, Chartier-Kastler E, Charvier K, et al. Definition of botulinum toxin failure in neurogenic detrusor overactivity: preliminary results of the DETOX survey. Prog Urol. 2015;25(17):1219–24. Epub 2015/09/01. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.purol.2015.07.006. PubMed PMID: 26318394.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Rovner E. Chap. 6: practical aspects of administration of onabotulinumtoxinA. Neurourol Urodyn. 2014;33(Suppl 3):S32–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Ricardo Palmerola & Benjamin Brucker

Authors
  1. Ricardo Palmerola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Benjamin Brucker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ricardo Palmerola .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. System Director FPMRS, Associate Professor of Urology, The Smith Institute for Urology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Lake Success, NY, USA

    Farzeen Firoozi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Palmerola, R., Brucker, B. (2020). Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Voiding Dysfunction. In: Firoozi, F. (eds) Female Pelvic Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28319-3_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28319-3_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-28318-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28319-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation