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Maternal-Fetal Contributors to Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Youth

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Insulin Resistance

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

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Abstract

The life course approach to chronic diseases considers fetal life a critical period for the development of later, adult chronic diseases. Numerous studies have linked growth restriction in utero, as marked by low birth weight or thinness at birth, with an increased risk for the metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR), poor glucose tolerance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and indicators of early cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. The effects were strong and greatly enhanced by the presence of adult obesity. These findings were linked to poor fetal nutrition during intrauterine life and constitute the basis for “the thrifty phenotype” hypothesis. At the other end of the birth weight distribution, macrosomic infants of women with diabetes during pregnancy are a group exposed to overnutrition during the intrauterine life. They have also been shown to have an increased risk for obesity and T2DM as adults.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA

    Jill Landsbaugh Kaar

  2. Department of Epidemiology and Pediatrics, Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA

    Dana Dabelea

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  1. Jill Landsbaugh Kaar
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  2. Dana Dabelea
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Correspondence to Jill Landsbaugh Kaar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Philip S. Zeitler

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

    Kristen J. Nadeau

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Kaar, J.L., Dabelea, D. (2020). Maternal-Fetal Contributors to Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Youth. In: Zeitler, P., Nadeau, K. (eds) Insulin Resistance. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25057-7_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25057-7_6

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