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Cellular-Based Therapies for Pediatric GI Motility Disorders

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Pediatric Neurogastroenterology

Part of the book series: Clinical Gastroenterology ((CG))

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Abstract

The therapeutic options for many gastrointestinal motility disorders remain inadequate and limited to palliative interventions. Recent advances in molecular biology and genetics have led to the identification of stem cells as potential tools for curative therapies. The field of neural stem cell therapies for enteric neuropathies has seen significant progress in recent years. A variety of sources for such neural stem cells have been identified ranging from embryonic stem cells to those derived from the CNS and, perhaps of most interest, from the gastrointestinal tract itself. The latter have been harvested from postnatal human gut even using minimally invasive techniques such as conventional endoscopy raising exciting possibilities for therapy including autologous therapy. A number of key challenges remain, however, before effective clinical application. These include better understanding of target diseases, the need to tailor cellular tools to optimize the treatment of individual diseases, and effective assessment of transplant success. Exciting developments including the identification of new stem cell sources such as induced pluripotent stem cells and improved access to donor tissue using less invasive techniques raise further hope for stem cells as effective therapies for enteric neuromuscular diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

    Ryo Hotta M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Ryo Hotta M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Neural Development Unit, UCL, Institute of Child Health, London, UK

    Dipa Natarajan M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D. & Alan J. Burns

  4. Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, UK

    Nikhil Thapar B.Sc.(Hon), B.M.(Hon), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.P.C.H., Ph.D.

  5. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK

    Nikhil Thapar B.Sc.(Hon), B.M.(Hon), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.P.C.H., Ph.D.

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  1. Ryo Hotta M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Dipa Natarajan M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D.
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  3. Alan J. Burns
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  4. Nikhil Thapar B.Sc.(Hon), B.M.(Hon), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.P.C.H., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Nikhil Thapar B.Sc.(Hon), B.M.(Hon), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.P.C.H., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sainte-Justine Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, H3T 1C5, Québec, Canada

    Christophe Faure

  2. Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43205, Ohio, USA

    Carlo Di Lorenzo

  3. Gastroenterology and Neural Development, University College London, Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom

    Nikhil Thapar

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Hotta, R., Natarajan, D., Burns, A.J., Thapar, N. (2013). Cellular-Based Therapies for Pediatric GI Motility Disorders. In: Faure, C., Di Lorenzo, C., Thapar, N. (eds) Pediatric Neurogastroenterology. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-709-9_45

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