Skip to main content

2D-DIGE Analysis of Eye Lens Proteins as a Measure of Cataract Formation

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Investigations of Early Nutrition Effects on Long-Term Health

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1735))

  • 1973 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter describes the basics of two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) for multiplex analysis of two distinct proteomes. The example given describes the analysis of male and female rat lens soluble proteins labeled with fluorescent Cy3 and Cy5 dyes in comparison to a pooled standard labeled with Cy2. After labeling the proteomes are mixed together and electrophoresed on the same 2D gels. Scanning the gels at wavelengths specific for each dye allows direct overlay the two different proteomes. Differences in abundance of specific protein spots can be determined through comparison to the pooled standard.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Bloemendal H, de Jong W, Jaenicke R, Lubsen NH, Slingsby C, Tardieu A (2004) Ageing and vision: structure, stability and function of lens crystallins. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 86:407–485

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Wistow G (2012) The human crystallin gene families. Hum Genomics 6:26. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-6-26

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Hejtmancik JF, Kantorow M (2004) Molecular genetics of age-related cataract. Exp Eye Res 79:3–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Beebe DC, Holekamp NM, Shui YB (2010) Oxidative damage and the prevention of age-related cataracts. Ophthalmic Res 44:155–165

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Obrosova IG, Chung SS, Kador PF (2010) Diabetic cataracts: mechanisms and management. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 26:172–180

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Shearer TR, Shih M, Mizuno T, David LL (1996) Crystallins from rat lens are especially susceptible to calpain-induced light scattering compared to other species. Curr Eye Res 15:860–868

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Harrington V, Srivastava OP, Kirk M (2007) Proteomic analysis of water insoluble proteins from normal and cataractous human lenses. Mol Vis 13:1680–1694

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Su SP, Song X, Xavier D, Aquilina JA (2015) Age-related cleavages of crystallins in human lens cortical fiber cells generate a plethora of endogenous peptides and high molecular weight complexes. Proteins 83:1878–1886

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Babizhayev MA (2011) Mitochondria induce oxidative stress, generation of reactive oxygen species and redox state unbalance of the eye lens leading to human cataract formation: disruption of redox lens organization by phospholipid hydroperoxides as a common basis for cataract disease. Cell Biochem Funct 29:183–206

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Babizhayev MA, Yegorov YE (2016) Reactive oxygen species and the aging eye: specific role of metabolically active mitochondria in maintaining lens function and in the initiation of the oxidation-induced maturity onset cataract--a novel platform of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants with broad therapeutic potential for redox regulation and detoxification of oxidants in eye diseases. Am J Ther 23:e98–117. https://doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0b013e3181ea31ff

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Su S, Leng F, Guan L, Zhang L, Ge J, Wang C et al (2014) Differential proteomic analyses of cataracts from rat models of type 1 and 2 diabetes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55:7848–7861

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Unlü M, Morgan ME, Minden JS (1997) Difference gel electrophoresis: a single gel method for detecting changes in protein extracts. Electrophoresis 18:2071–2077

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Knowles MR, Cervino S, Skynner HA, Hunt SP, de Felipe C, Salim K et al (2003) Multiplex proteomic analysis by two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis. Proteomics 3:1162–1171

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Aquino A, Guest PC, Martins-de-Souza D (2017) Simultaneous two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) analysis of two distinct proteomes. Methods Mol Biol 1546:205–212

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hiller R, Sperduto RD, Ederer F (1986) Epidemiologic associations with nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular cataracts. Am J Epidemiol 124:916–925

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Hales AM, Chamberlain CG, Murphy CR, McAvoy JW (1997) Estrogen protects lenses against cataract induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta). J Exp Med 185:273–280

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Intelicato-Young J, Fox A (2013) Mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry characterization of protein patterns, protein markers and whole proteomes for pathogenic bacteria. J Microbiol Methods 92:381–386

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Souza GH, Guest PC, Martins-de-Souza D (2017) LC-MSE, multiplex MS/MS, ion mobility, and label-free quantitation in clinical proteomics. Methods Mol Biol 1546:57–73

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Shevchenko A, Tomas H, Havlis J, Olsen JV, Mann M (1996) In-gel digestion for mass spectrometric characterization of proteins and proteomes. Nat Protoc 1:2856–2860

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Guest PC, Skynner HA, Salim K, Tattersall FD, Knowles MR, Atack JR (2006) Detection of gender differences in rat lens proteins using 2-D-DIGE. Proteomics 6:667–676

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paul C. Guest .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Guest, P.C. (2018). 2D-DIGE Analysis of Eye Lens Proteins as a Measure of Cataract Formation. In: Guest, P. (eds) Investigations of Early Nutrition Effects on Long-Term Health. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1735. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7614-0_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7614-0_30

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7613-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7614-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics