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Circadian Regulation of Sleep

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Circadian Clocks: Role in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Physiology in Health and Disease ((PIHD))

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Abstract

Both the circadian rhythm that runs biological processes time dependently on a 24-h cycle and the homeostatic mechanism that secures sleep as a measure against fatigue during wakefulness are involved in maintaining a regular sleep–wake cycle. Although the regulatory mechanism of sleep and wakefulness was discussed only conceptually in the early years, the neurophysiological and molecular biological bases underlying sleep and wakefulness have been rapidly elucidated in recent years. The promotion of sleep and maintenance of wakefulness are driven by distinct groups of nerve nuclei that form a negative feedback loop, or a flip-flop circuit, with nerve projections that reciprocally activate and deactivate each other. In addition, the 24-h cycle of sleep and wakefulness is governed by these nuclei due to the neuronal or hormonal input from the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the biological clock.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center for Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan

    Kazuo Mishima

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  1. Kazuo Mishima
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Correspondence to Kazuo Mishima .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Michelle L. Gumz

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© 2016 The American Physiological Society

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Mishima, K. (2016). Circadian Regulation of Sleep. In: Gumz, M. (eds) Circadian Clocks: Role in Health and Disease. Physiology in Health and Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3450-8_3

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