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Other Varieties of Dysfunction

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Bladder Dysfunction in the Adult

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

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Abstract

Overactive bladder (OAB) is urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, usually with increased daytime frequency and nocturia. The key symptom of OAB is urgency, which is the complaint of a sudden compelling desire to pass urine which is difficult to defer. OAB is different from detrusor overactivity (DO), which is a urodynamic diagnosis, comprising bladder contractions during the filling phase, which may be spontaneous or provoked. Various underlying mechanisms have been hypothesised, including myogenic, neurogenic and integrative (autonomous) processes. Detrusor underactivity (DUA) is a contraction of reduced strength and/or duration resulting in prolonged bladder emptying and/or failure to achieve complete bladder emptying within a normal time span. Underlying mechanisms are uncertain, and it is likely to be multifactorial. Voiding problems can result from dysfunction of the bladder neck or sphincter. In patients with neurological disease, there may be detrusor sphincter dyssynergia. Nocturia is the complaint that the individual has to wake at night one or more times to void and can be caused by polyuria, nocturnal polyuria or lower urinary tract problems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Southmead Hospital, Southmead, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK

    Jonathan Williams M.B.B.S., B.Sc.

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  1. Jonathan Williams M.B.B.S., B.Sc.
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Correspondence to Jonathan Williams M.B.B.S., B.Sc. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Alan J. Wein

  2. Aarhus University, AIAS, Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus, Denmark

    Karl-Erik Andersson

  3. Urological Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

    Marcus J. Drake

  4. Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

    Roger R. Dmochowski

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Williams, J. (2014). Other Varieties of Dysfunction. In: Wein, A., Andersson, KE., Drake, M., Dmochowski, R. (eds) Bladder Dysfunction in the Adult. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0853-0_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0853-0_7

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