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Leptin, Adiponectin, and Other Adipokines in Regulation of Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis

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Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue

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Abstract

Adipose tissue plays an important endocrine role through the production of secreted factors, termed adipokines. These include hormones such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, omentin, apelin, and vaspin; classical cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and transforming growth factor-β; enzymes such as lipoprotein lipase, visfatin, and angiogenin; and finally traditional growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, hepatocyte growth factor, and angiopoietin-like protein-4. Recently, it has been discovered that apart from their role in regulation of physiological processes, such as energy metabolism, food intake, and immunity, some adipokines are important regulators of angiogenesis. For example, leptin is a potent stimulator of angiogenesis that acts in synergy with VEGF-A. In contrast, adiponectin has been suggested as an adipose-derived angiogenic inhibitor. Given that adipose tissue expansion is angiogenesis-dependent, the local production in white and brown adipose tissues of adipokine angiogenic regulators may play a crucial role in adipogenesis. This raises the question as to what extent the different adipokines influence adipose tissue vascular growth and remodeling during normal adipose tissue growth and in development of obesity. In this chapter, we summarize the evidence in support of adipokines as important endogenous angiogenic regulators. Further, we hint at what might be a deregulated adipokine-mediated angiogenic process occurring during pathological expansion of adipose tissue as seen in obesity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inserm U1096, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76183, Rouen, France

    Ebba Brakenhielm Ph.D.

  2. Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden

    Yihai Cao M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden

    Yihai Cao M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Ebba Brakenhielm Ph.D.
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  2. Yihai Cao M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Ebba Brakenhielm Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology (MT, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Yihai Cao

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Brakenhielm, E., Cao, Y. (2013). Leptin, Adiponectin, and Other Adipokines in Regulation of Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis. In: Cao, Y. (eds) Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8069-3_10

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