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South Brazilian Forest-Grassland Ecotones: Dynamics Affected by Climate, Disturbance, and Woody Species Traits

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Ecotones Between Forest and Grassland

Abstract

The southernmost part of Brazil is characterized by extended grasslands—the southern Campos. In some parts of the region, these grasslands occur in close contact with different forest types of the Atlantic forest biome or riparian forests, forming mosaics. Otherwise, they form large and continuous areas toward south and southwest, where they reach the Pampa grassland of Uruguay and Argentina. Throughout this region, forest expansion and/or shrub encroachment can be observed and have been related both to site conditions (abiotic variables and disturbance regimes) and climatic changes. We know today, based on studies of pollen records from peat profiles, that expansion of woody vegetation throughout the past centuries was driven by changes in the climatic conditions towards a climate increasingly favorable for forest development, and evidence exists that this process is halted or at least slowed down as consequence of land use and disturbances. Current vegetation dynamics in forest-grassland ecotones thus likely are linked both to climatic changes (on the regional scale) and vegetation management and/or disturbance regime (on the local scale).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43422, Caixa Postal 15007, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Sandra C. Müller, Carolina C. Blanco & Valério D. Pillar

  2. Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43433, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Gerhard E. Overbeck

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos—UNISINOS, 93022-000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil

    Juliano M. de Oliveira

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  1. Sandra C. Müller
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  2. Gerhard E. Overbeck
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  3. Carolina C. Blanco
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  4. Juliano M. de Oliveira
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  5. Valério D. Pillar
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Correspondence to Sandra C. Müller .

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  1. , Biology Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, Oklahoma, USA

    Randall W. Myster

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Müller, S.C., Overbeck, G.E., Blanco, C.C., de Oliveira, J.M., Pillar, V.D. (2012). South Brazilian Forest-Grassland Ecotones: Dynamics Affected by Climate, Disturbance, and Woody Species Traits. In: Myster, R. (eds) Ecotones Between Forest and Grassland. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3797-0_7

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