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Studying Hepatic Stellate Cell Senescence

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Hepatic Stellate Cells

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2669))

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Abstract

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the key effector cells in liver fibrosis. They are the main producers of excessive amounts of extracellular matrix components during fibrogenesis and therefore a potential target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Induction of senescence in HSCs may be a promising strategy to slow down, stop, or even reverse fibrogenesis. Senescence is a complex and heterogeneous process linked to fibrosis and cancer, but the exact mechanism and relevant markers can be cell-type dependent. Therefore, many markers of senescence have been proposed, and many methods to detect senescence have been developed. In this chapter, we review relevant methods and biomarkers to detect cellular senescence in hepatic stellate cells.

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Abbreviations

36B4:

Ribosomal phosphoprotein P0

AMV:

Avian myeloblastosis virus

ARF:

ADP-ribosylation factor

Bcl2:

B cell lymphoma 2

BrdU:

5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine

CDK:

Cyclin-dependent kinase

CDKN1a/P21CIP1:

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1a

Cip:

CDK interacting protein

CT:

Threshold cycle

CXCL1:

Chemokine ligand 1

CXCL10:

Chemokine ligand 10

DAPI:

4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole

DcR2:

Decoy receptor 2

DMF:

Dimethylformamide

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DNA:

Desoxyribonucleic acid

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays

EVs:

Extracellular vesicles

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

GFAP:

Glial fibrillar acid protein

H3K9:

Histone H3 lysine 9

HRP:

Horseradish peroxidase

HSCs:

Hepatic stellate cells

IGF:

Insulin growth factor

IL6:

Interleukin 6

IL8:

Interleukin 8

INK4:

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors 4

Ki67:

Antigen K167

Kip:

Kinase inhibitory protein

LMNB1:

Lamin B1

LRAT:

Lecithin retinol acyltransferase

Mg:

Milligrams

M-MLV:

Moloney murine leukemia virus

MMP3:

Metalloproteinase 3

MMP9:

Metalloproteinase 9

MMPs:

Metalloproteinases

P53:

Tumor suppressor protein

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

PDGF:

Platelet-derived growth factor

PFA:

Paraformaldehyde

PI:

Propidium iodide

qPCR:

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction

Rb:

Retinoblastoma

RIPA:

Ratio immunoprecipitation assay

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

Rpm:

Revolutions per minute

RTCA:

Real-time cell analysis

RT-qPCR:

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction

SAHF:

Senescence-associated heterochromatin foci

SASP:

Senescence-associated secretory phenotype

SA-β-Gal:

Senescence-associated b galactosidase

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

TEMED:

Tetramethylethylenediamine

TMB:

3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine

V:

Volts

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

WB:

Western blot

αSMA:

Alpha-smooth muscle actin

γH2AX:

Gamma-histone family member X

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Sandra A. Serna-Salas, Zongmei Wu & Han Moshage

  2. Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Abel A. Soto-Gámez

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Abel A. Soto-Gámez

  4. European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Myrthe Klaver

Authors
  1. Sandra A. Serna-Salas
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  2. Abel A. Soto-Gámez
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  3. Zongmei Wu
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  4. Myrthe Klaver
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  5. Han Moshage
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Han Moshage .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Molekulare Pathobiochemie, Experimentelle Gentherapie und Klinische Chemie (IFMPEGKC), Universitätsklinikum Aachen AöR, Aachen, Germany

    Ralf Weiskirchen

  2. Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Scott L. Friedman

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Serna-Salas, S.A., Soto-Gámez, A.A., Wu, Z., Klaver, M., Moshage, H. (2023). Studying Hepatic Stellate Cell Senescence. In: Weiskirchen, R., Friedman, S.L. (eds) Hepatic Stellate Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2669. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3207-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3207-9_6

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  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3206-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3207-9

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