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Extended Drug Access and Escalation of Drug Self-Administration

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Methods for Preclinical Research in Addiction

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 174))

Abstract

In this chapter we first describe the intravenous drug self-administration technique in rats, with a focus on cocaine. Where relevant, we also describe how self-administration procedures can be adapted for use in both female and male rats. We then discuss some of the pharmacokinetic variables that can influence the development of behavioral features of cocaine addiction. These variables include the speed of intravenous drug delivery, the amount and temporal pattern (intermittency) of intake. In this context, we present and compare different self-administration procedures that have been used to model DSM-like features relevant to addiction in rats. These procedures include Short-Access, Long-Access, and Intermittent-Access cocaine self-administration, and variations therein. We highlight that some procedures (i.e., Long-Access) are best suited to study changes in cocaine intake over time. Others (i.e., Intermittent-Access) are especially effective to study increases in incentive motivation for cocaine over time. Work comparing these procedures supports two important conclusions. First, excessive/escalating cocaine intake is not a necessary prerequisite to produce the increased incentive motivation that defines the addicted state. Second, Intermittent-Access cocaine self-administration might not only better model human patterns of cocaine intake, but might also be uniquely suited to study the cocaine-induced changes in neurobiology, psychology, and behavior involved in the addiction process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Florence Allain & Anne-Noël Samaha

  2. Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Ndeye Aissatou Ndiaye

  3. Groupe de recherche sur le système nerveux central, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Anne-Noël Samaha

  4. Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, CNS Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Anne-Noël Samaha

Authors
  1. Florence Allain
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  2. Ndeye Aissatou Ndiaye
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  3. Anne-Noël Samaha
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Correspondence to Anne-Noël Samaha .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Research “Neurobehavioral Mechanisms and Endophenotypes of Addictive Behavior” Department of Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    María A. Aguilar

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Allain, F., Ndiaye, N.A., Samaha, AN. (2022). Extended Drug Access and Escalation of Drug Self-Administration. In: Aguilar, M.A. (eds) Methods for Preclinical Research in Addiction. Neuromethods, vol 174. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1748-9_6

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