Abstract
Radiolabeled amino acid uptake assays are a highly sensitive method used to characterize the uptake of amino acids by cells or tissues in culture. This method is an excellent tool to quantify changes in amino acid consumption that are associated with states of cellular differentiation and/or disease. The methods presented here can be adapted to measure the transport of all amino acids and can be applied to cultured cells and bone explants.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Karner CM, Long F (2017) Wnt signaling and cellular metabolism in osteoblasts. Cell Mol Life Sci 74(9):1649–1657
Nelsen CJ, Rickheim DG, Tucker MM, McKenzie TJ, Hansen LK, Pestell RG et al (2003) Amino acids regulate hepatocyte proliferation through modulation of cyclin D1 expression. J Biol Chem 278(28):25853–25858
Krall AS, Xu S, Graeber TG, Braas D, Christofk HR (2016) Asparagine promotes cancer cell proliferation through use as an amino acid exchange factor. Nat Commun 7:11457
Green CR, Wallace M, Divakaruni AS, Phillips SA, Murphy AN, Ciaraldi TP et al (2016) Branched-chain amino acid catabolism fuels adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Nat Chem Biol 12(1):15–21
Shiraki N, Shiraki Y, Tsuyama T, Obata F, Miura M, Nagae G et al (2014) Methionine metabolism regulates maintenance and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Metab 19(5):780–794
Comes S, Gagliardi M, Laprano N, Fico A, Cimmino A, Palamidessi A et al (2013) L-Proline induces a mesenchymal-like invasive program in embryonic stem cells by remodeling H3K9 and H3K36 methylation. Stem Cell Rep 1(4):307–321
Karner CM, Esen E, Okunade AL, Patterson BW, Long F (2015) Increased glutamine catabolism mediates bone anabolism in response to WNT signaling. J Clin Invest 125(2):551–562
Yu Y, Newman H, Shen L, Sharma D, Hu G, Mirando AJ et al (2019) Glutamine metabolism regulates proliferation and lineage allocation in skeletal stem cells. Cell Metab 29(4):966–978. e4
Rached MT, Kode A, Xu L, Yoshikawa Y, Paik JH, Depinho RA et al (2010) FoxO1 is a positive regulator of bone formation by favoring protein synthesis and resistance to oxidative stress in osteoblasts. Cell Metab 11(2):147–160
Elefteriou F, Benson MD, Sowa H, Starbuck M, Liu X, Ron D et al (2006) ATF4 mediation of NF1 functions in osteoblast reveals a nutritional basis for congenital skeletal dysplasiae. Cell Metab 4(6):441–451
Hahn TJ, Downing SJ, Phang JM (1969) Amino acid transport in adult diaphyseal bone: contrast with amino acid transport mechanisms in fetal membranous bone. Biochim Biophys Acta 183(1):194–203
Rosenbusch JP, Flanagan B, Nichols G Jr (1967) Active transport of amino acids into bone cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 135(4):732–740
Maleknia SD, Johnson R (2011) Mass spectrometry of amino acids and proteins. In: Hughes AB (ed) Amino acids, peptides and proteins in organic chemistry: analysis and function of amino acids and peptides. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 1–50
Rennie MJ (1999) An introduction to the use of tracers in nutrition and metabolism. Proc Nutr Soc 58(4):935–944
Yee JA (1988) Effect of parathyroid hormone on amino acid transport by cultured neonatal mouse calvarial bone cells. J Bone Miner Res 3(2):211–218
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by NIH/NIAMS grant AR071967 to C.M.K.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Shen, L., Karner, C.M. (2021). Radiolabeled Amino Acid Uptake Assays in Primary Bone Cells and Bone Explants. In: Hilton, M.J. (eds) Skeletal Development and Repair. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2230. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1028-2_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1028-2_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1027-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1028-2
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols