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An Update on P2Y13 Receptor Signalling and Function

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Protein Reviews

Abstract

The distribution of nucleotide P2Y receptors across different tissues suggests that they fulfil key roles in a number of physiological and pathological conditions. P2Y13 is one of the latest P2Y receptors identified, a novel member of the Gi-coupled P2Y receptor subfamily that responds to ADP, together with P2Y12 and P2Y14. Pharmacological studies drew attention to this new ADP receptor, with a pharmacology that overlaps that of P2Y12 receptors but with unique features and roles. The P2RY12–14 genes all reside on human chromosome 3 at 3q25.1 and their strong sequence homology supports their evolutionary origin through gene duplication. Polymorphisms of P2Y13 receptors have been reported in different human populations, yet their consequences remain unknown. The P2Y13 receptor is versatile in its signalling, extending beyond the canonical signalling of a Gi-coupled receptor. Not only can it couple to different G proteins (Gs/Gq) but the P2Y13 receptor can also trigger several intracellular pathways related to the activation of MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3 axis. Moreover, the availability of P2Y13 receptor knockout mice has highlighted the specific functions in which it is involved, mainly in the regulation of cholesterol and glucose metabolism, bone homeostasis and aspects of central nervous system function like pain transmission and neuroprotection. This review summarizes our current understanding of this elusive receptor, not only at the pharmacological and molecular level but also, in terms of its signalling properties and specific functions, helping to clarify the involvement of P2Y13 receptors in pathological situations.

Raquel Pérez-Sen and Rosa Gómez-Villafuertes contributed equally to this work.

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Abbreviations

ADP:

Adenosine 5′-diphosphate.

Ap3A:

P1,P3-Di(adenosine-5′) triphosphate.

Ap4A:

P1,P4-Di(adenosine-5′) triphosphate.

ATP:

Adenosine 5′-triphosphate

cAMP:

Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate.

CT1007900:

(6-[1-(2-Dimethylaminopyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrimidin-4-ol monohydrate).

GPCRs:

G protein–coupled receptors.

GSK3:

Glycogen synthase kinase 3.

HDL:

High density lipoprotein.

2MeSADP:

2-methylthio-adenosine 5′-diphosphate.

MAP kinases:

Mitogen-activated protein kinases.

MRS2211:

2-[(2-Chloro-5-nitrophenyl)azo]-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(phosphonooxy)methyl]-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde.

MRS2179:

2′-Deoxy-N6-methyl adenosine 3′,5′-diphosphate.

PLC:

Phospholipase C.

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.

PPADS:

Pyridoxal phosphate-6-azo(benzene-2,4-disulfonic acid).

RCT:

Reverse cholesterol transport

SNP:

Single-nucleotide polymorphism.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Mark Sefton for the english copy-editing of the manuscript. The work in the authors’ laboratory is funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO, BFU 2014-53654-P) and Red de excelencia Consolider-Ingenio Spanish Ion Channel Initiative” (BFU2015-70067REDC); by the Comunidad de Madrid (BRADE-CM S2013/ICE-2958), UCM-Santander (PR26/16-18B-3) and by the Fundación Ramón Areces Grant (PR2018/16-02). F. Ortega is a recipient of a Ramón y Cajal contract (RYC-2013-13290).

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Correspondence to Esmerilda G. Delicado or María Teresa Miras-Portugal .

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Pérez-Sen, R., Gómez-Villafuertes, R., Ortega, F., Gualix, J., Delicado, E.G., Miras-Portugal, M.T. (2017). An Update on P2Y13 Receptor Signalling and Function. In: Atassi, M. (eds) Protein Reviews. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1051. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2017_91

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