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Halogen Bonds in Organic Synthesis and Organocatalysis

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Halogen Bonding II

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 359))

Abstract

In contrast to hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding has so far found very little use in organic synthesis and organocatalysis. Although there are multiple reports on the use of elemental iodine in a wide range of organic reactions, the understanding of the actual mode of activation in these cases is very rudimentary. Recently, first proof-of-principle reactions have been established towards the use of carbon-based halogen-bond donors as activators or organocatalysts. These halogen-based Lewis acids offer more structural variety and potential than elemental iodine itself, and the mode of activation is better understood. Yet, the reported cases still only cover simple benchmark reactions, and there is a clear need for further and more complex applications.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    We will not consider here the formation of (inter)polyhalogen compounds like tribromide or triiodide as side- or by-products, e.g., in halogenation reactions.

  2. 2.

    This example involves an iodine(III) species as halogen-bond donor R–X. The recent IUPAC definition of halogen bonding (2013, Pure Appl Chem 85:1711) states that “X may be covalently bound to more than one group”.

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  1. Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    S. Schindler & Stefan M. Huber

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  1. S. Schindler
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  1. Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy

    Pierangelo Metrangolo

  2. Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy

    Giuseppe Resnati

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Schindler, S., Huber, S.M. (2014). Halogen Bonds in Organic Synthesis and Organocatalysis. In: Metrangolo, P., Resnati, G. (eds) Halogen Bonding II. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 359. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2014_552

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