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Spatial variability of the physical quality of soil from management zones

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Abstract

The uniform management of soil, without considering the local soil spatial variability of its properties, may accelerate its degradation process. The objectives of this study were to: (i) delineate homogeneous management zones (HMZs) using the multivariate analysis approach, and (ii) evaluate the effect of uniform soil management on the physical–hydraulic attributes of these HMZ. The study was carried out in two fields: field 1 (F1) of 312 ha and field 2 (F2) of 297 ha. After collection of soil samples (grid approach) and laboratory analyses, principal component and cluster analyses were applied to define the HMZ in each field. After a new visit to the fields to confirm the variation of HMZ, soil profile samples were collected for soil quality analysis. The HMZ corresponded to soil spatial variability at the mineralogy level. The HMZ were defined by the soil physical attributes bulk density (Bd) and structural porosity in fields where soil spatial variability had greater homogeneity (F1), and by chemical attributes when it was more complex (F2). Considering uniform management, in F1, a marked reduction in structural porosity was observed in 46% of the 312 ha. F2 had an accentuated reduction in structural porosity of 26% and an increase in Bd in the other 24% of the surface layer (0.00–0.30 m). These results confirm the hypothesis that uniform management can increase the soil degradation and potential erosion, and that dividing the field into HMZs can result in a more adequate and sustainable soil management.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank the Corazza and Pagnussalt Families, for field support; to Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for granting the PhD scholarships to the first author and productivity scholarships to the seventh and last authors; and to Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) for project funding (granting number 01090100203.00.00).

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  1. Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, Área de Solos (ASO), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, km 375, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86047-902, Brazil

    José Francirlei de Oliveira

  2. Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA), Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, CEP 86051-980, Brazil

    Stanislas Mayi III, João Tavares Filho & Maria de Fátima Guimarães

  3. Embrapa Cerrados, Rodovia BR 020, Km 18, Caixa Postal 08223, Planaltina, Distrito Federal, CEP 73310-970, Brazil

    Robélio Leandro Marchão & Juaci Vitória Malaquias

  4. Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (SPD), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Parque Estação Biológica (PqEB) - W3 Norte (Final), Caixa Postal 040315, Brasília, Distrito Federal, CEP 70770-901, Brazil

    Edemar Joaquim Corazza

  5. Instituto de Ciências Agrarias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Amazonas, S/N, Bairro Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, CEP 38400-902, Brazil

    Sandro Carmelino Hurtado

  6. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR 210 Eco&Sols, Campus SupAgro Bât. 12, Place Viala, 34060, Montpellier Cedex 2, France

    Michel Brossard

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  1. José Francirlei de Oliveira
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de Oliveira, J.F., Mayi, S., Marchão, R.L. et al. Spatial variability of the physical quality of soil from management zones. Precision Agric 20, 1251–1273 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-019-09639-9

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