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Upwelling

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Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series ((EESS))

Definition

Geologists have five good reasons for an interest in upwelling currents, which are highly productive and tend to be recorded for posterity through organic enrichment on continental margins. Firstly, massive accumulations of organic-rich sediment eventually form the source rocks for oil. Secondly, these accumulations may contain abundant remains of siliceous organisms like diatoms, providing commercially significant deposits of diatomite. Thirdly, the migration of phosphorus from organic-rich sediments into pore fluids or bottom waters may lead to the formation of phosphorite deposits important to the fertilizer industry. Fourthly, these organic rocks together or separately form part of the signature triad of organic-rich black shale, diatomite, and phosphorite that can be used in paleoclimatology as indicators of particular climate conditions including past upwelling (Parrish, 1982; Parrish and Curtis, 1982). And, finally, these rocks provide important clues to the...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI), Cambridge University, Lensfield Road, CB2 1ER, Cambridge, UK

    Colin Summerhayes

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  1. Colin Summerhayes
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Correspondence to Colin Summerhayes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland

    Jan Harff

  2. University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

    Martin Meschede

  3. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany

    Sven Petersen

  4. Institute of Earth Science, KÖPPEN-Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    JÖrn Thiede

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Summerhayes, C. (2016). Upwelling. In: Harff, J., Meschede, M., Petersen, S., Thiede, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Marine Geosciences. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6238-1_96

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